Figure - PMC

Skip to main content

An official website of the United States government

Here's how you know

Here's how you know

Official websites use .gov
A .gov website belongs to an official government organization in the United States.

Secure .gov websites use HTTPS
A lock ( ) or https:// means you've safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.

View full-text article in PMC

. 2023 Jan 18;12:1096211. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1096211

Search in PMC
Search in PubMed
View in NLM Catalog
Add to search

Copyright © 2023 Amend, Gilbert, Pelczar, Böttcher, Huber, Witte, Finckh and Strowig

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

PMC Copyright notice

Calprotectin and zonulin levels in the serum of individuals at risk of RA, new onset rheumatic patients and chronic RA patients. (A) Serum calprotectin levels in seronegative, symptom-free first-degree relatives (FDR 1, n=42), individuals with RA specific autoantibodies (FDR 2, n=40), individuals with RA specific symptoms (FDR 3, n=38) and chronic RA patients (cRA, n=45), recruited via the SCREEN-RA and SCQM cohort. (B) Serum calprotectin levels in healthy blood donors (BD, n=20), and patients newly diagnosed with non-rheumatic disease (NRD, n=35), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n=33), psoriatic arthritis (PsA, n=50), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA, n=30) and reactive arthritis (ReA, n=10), recruited via the Rheuma-VOR cohort. (C) Serum C-reactive protein (CRP) levels in NRD (n=34), RA (n=33), PsA (n=50) and axSpA (n=28) patients from the Rheuma-VOR cohort. (D) Spearman correlation between serum CRP and serum calprotectin measured in patients from the Rheuma-VOR cohort. (E) Serum calprotectin levels in FDR individuals and cRA patients from the SCREEN-RA/SCQM cohort and RA patients from the Rheuma-VOR cohort divided by RF and ACPA positivity. Statistical differences between positive and negative groups within patient groups were calculated using Mann-Whitney test. (F) Serum CRP levels in RA patients from the Rheuma-VOR cohort divided by RF and ACPA pre- and absence. Statistical differences between groups were calculated using Mann-Whitney test. (G) Serum zonulin levels in healthy blood donors (BD, n=20), patients newly diagnosed with non-rheumatic disease (NRD, n=22), rheumatoid arthritis (RA, n=33), psoriatic arthritis (PsA, n=48), axial spondyloarthritis (axSpA, n=30), reactive arthritis (ReA, n=10), as well as IBD patients with active ulcerative colitis (UC A, n=14), active Crohn’s disease (CD A, n=13), and Crohn’s disease under remission (CD R, n=12). Dots in the Rheuma-VOR groups depict single measurements, while dots in the IBD groups represent median values calculated from 2 replicates. (H) Serum zonulin in Rheuma-VOR RA patients clustered by RF and ACPA positivity. Statistical differences between groups were calculated using Mann-Whitney test. Data is shown as mean ± SD, *p < 0.05; **p < 0.01; ***p < 0.001; ****p < 0.0001; not significant if not further indicated.