TABLE 2.

Diagnoses and signalment data for 238 cats with a documented ionized calcium concentration >1.41 mmol/L between 1st January 2009 and 1st January 2019 at a UK referral teaching hospital

					Signalment
	Number of cases		HCa identified and flagged before referral			Breed		Sex
Diagnosis	n (%)	95% confidence intervals	n	%	Age in years, median (IQR)	Nonpurebred, n (%)	Purebred/purebred cross, n (%)	Male, n (%)	Female, n (%)
Acute kidney injury	31 (13%)	9.3%‐17.9%	1	3.2%	7.7 (5.4‐11.6)	24 (77.4%)	7 (22.6%)	12 (38.7%; 12 MN)	19 (61.3%; 19 FN)
Chronic kidney disease/renal diet‐associated	20 (8.4%)	5.5%‐12.6%	5	25%	7.2 (4.6‐9.8)	15 (75%)	5 (25%)	7 (35%; 2 ME, 5 MN)	13 (65%; 13 FN)
Granulomatous	4 (1.7%)	0.7%‐4.2%	1	25%	7.5 (2.9‐12.9)	3 (75%)	1 (25%)	3 (75%; 1 ME, 2 MN)	1 (25%; 1 FN)
Iatrogenic	13 (5.5%)	3.2%‐9.1%	1	7.7%	6.5 (4.3‐8.5)	7 (53.8%)	6 (46.2%)	10 (76.9%; 10 MN)	3 (23.1%; 1 FE, 2 FN)
Idiopathic	24 (10.1%)	6.9%‐14.6%	9	37.5%	4.8 (3.6‐10.6)	12 (50%)	12 (50%)	10 (41.7%; 2 ME, 8 MN)	14 (58.3%; 2 FE, 12 FN)
Juvenile	5 (2.1%)	0.9%‐4.8%	0	0%	0.3 (0.3‐0.3)	3 (60%)	2 (40%)	2 (40%; 2 ME)	3 (60%; 3 FE)
Malignancy‐associated	24 (10.1%)	6.9%‐14.6%	6	25%	11.2 (4.8‐13.5)	20 (83.3%)	4 (16.7%)	12 (50%; 1 ME, 11 MN)	12 (50%; 1 FE, 11 FN)
Primary hyperparathyroidism	5 (2.1%)	0.9%‐4.8%	2	40%	15.5 (13.7‐15.6)	4 (80%)	1 (20%)	3 (60%; 3 MN)	2 (40%; 2 FN)
Toxicity	5 (2.1%)	0.9%‐4.8%	4	80%	.6 (.3‐3.2)	2 (40%)	3 (60%)	3 (60%; 2 ME, 1 MN)	2 (40%; 1 FE, 1 FN)
Transient	12 (5%)	2.9%‐8.6%	0	0%	9.6 (3.6‐12.5)	9 (75%)	3 (25%)	6 (50%; 1 ME, 5 MN)	6 (50%; 2 FE, 4 FN)
Undetermined	95 (39.9%)	33.9%‐46.3%	5	5.3%	5.6 (3.5‐10.0)	66 (69.5%)	29 (30.5%)	42 (44.2%; 5 ME, 37 MN)	53 (55.8%; 6 FE, 47 FN)

Note: Sex reported as total male (percentage; ME, MN), total female (percentage; FE, FN).

Abbreviations: FE, female entire; FN, female neutered; HCa, hypercalcemia; ME, male entire; MN, male neutered.