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. 2023 Jan 18;9:1073814. doi: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1073814

FIGURE 3.

FIGURE 3

Sex and age differences in sST2 in CVDs. sST2 levels compared women (peach) vs. men (blue) that were <50 vs. ≥50 years of age for (A) myocarditis (Myo), (B) cardiomyopathy (Card), (C) coronary artery disease (CAD), (D) myocardial infarction (MI), or (E) congestive heart failure (CHF). Violin plots denote data distribution for each group. One-way ANOVA: (A) p = 0.0043, (B) p = 0.035, (C) p = 0.94, (D) p = 0.16, and (E) p = 0.70 with two-way comparisons analyzed using unpaired Student’s t-test: *, p < 0.05; ***, p < 0.001; ns, not significant. (A) Two-way ANOVA p-values indicate no interaction between sex and age in patients with myo (p = 0.11), but interactions between sex and sST2 (p = 0.0047) and age and sST2 (p = 0.0496). (B) Two-way ANOVA p-values indicate no interactions between sex and age (p = 0.43) or age and sST2 (p = 0.99) in patients with card, but interaction between sex and sST2 (p = 0.04). (C) Two-way ANOVA p-values indicate no interactions between sex and age (p = 0.60), age and sST2 (p = 0.79), or sex and sST2 (p = 0.79) in patients with CAD. (D) Two-way ANOVA p-values indicate no interactions between sex and age (p = 0.32), age and sST2 (p = 0.25), or sex and sST2 (p = 0.92) in patients with MI. (E) Two-way ANOVA p-values indicate no interactions between sex and age (p = 0.87), age and sST2 (p = 0.54), or sex and sST2 (p = 0.57) in patients with CHF.