Table 2.

Summary of best examsmanship practices for oral exams utilizing video conferencing technology

Virtual mock oral exams: best practices for strong examsmanship
Metric	Best practice
Exam setting	Select a quiet room, isolated from background noise or interruptions Prior to exam, conduct a test video call to make sure internet connectivity is appropriate for video calls
Background	Background should be neutral and minimally distracting—a blank wall is preferable
Image framing	Sit in a fixed chair; swivel office chairs may increase distracting movement Utilize a web camera on a computer, rather than a smartphone The computer with a camera should be fixed on a desk rather than held on a lap Sit far enough back to center head and shoulders in the frame Attention be paid to camera angle to avoid distorted perspective
Lighting	Avoid settings with strong backlighting and overhead lighting
Gaze	Select a point for fixed gaze, either looking directly at the web camera or at the image of the examiners
Volume	Complete a test of the microphone to ensure function prior to the exam
Verbal communication	Minimize the use of filler words and long pauses Avoid excessive use of clarifying questions Utilize appropriate medical language rather than lay terms Proceed through the response in organized and deliberate fashion
Nonverbal communication	Appear in professional dress Minimize movement or gestures Upright posture