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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2024 Jan 1.
Published in final edited form as: J Surg Educ. 2022 Oct 4;80(1):102–109. doi: 10.1016/j.jsurg.2022.08.018

Table 2.

Difference in titles used in reference to trainees in written entries by gender and specialty.

All entries Men (n=52) Women (n=31) Ambiguous (n=124) Total (N=207) p value
 Professional title 42 (81) 19 (61) 78 (63) 139 (67) .05
 Name only 3 (6) 8 (26) 0 (0) 11 (5) <.001
Medical specialty Men (n=20) Women (n=l6) Ambiguous (n=52) Total (n=88) p value
 Professional title 18 (90) 10 (63) 39 (75) 67 (76) .15
 Name only 0 (0) 5 (31) 0 (0) 5 (6) <.001
Surgical specialty Men (n=28) Women (n=12) Ambiguous (n=42) Total (n=82) p value
 Professional title 21 (75) 8 (67) 17 (41) 46 (56) .01
 Name only 2 (7) 3 (25) 0 (0) 5 (6) .006
Women only Medical specialty (N=16) Surgical specialty (N=12) Ambiguous specialty (N=3) Total (n=31) p value
 Professional title 10 (63) 8 (67) 1 (33) 19 (61) .56
 Name only 5 (31) 3 (25) 0 (0) 8 (26) .52