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. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 1.
Published in final edited form as: Int J Progn Health Manag. 2021;12(1):10.36001/ijphm.2021.v12i1.2883. doi: 10.36001/ijphm.2021.v12i1.2883

Table 5.

Summary of Monte Carlo Results using Stratification ($Billion 2016)

Min Max Mean Median Standard Deviation
Costs
 Direct Maintenance Costs 36.7 205.4 81.6 74.4 28.1
 Additional Costs due to Faults/Failures 2.7 25.7 15.7 15.8 3.3
 Inventory Costs 0.2 1.2 0.8 0.9 0.1

Losses
 Downtime Costs 14.8 22.1 18.4 18.4 1.4
 Lost Sales 32.6 214.0 105.0 102.1 23.6
 Losses due to Defects 0.0 2.3 0.5 0.3 0.4

TOTAL 87.1 470.6 222.0 211.8