Table 1.
Baseline characteristics and operative data of the study groups
| Characteristics | AVR and aortic remodelling n = 77 |
Modified Bentall-de Bono n = 104 |
P-value |
|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical variables | |||
| Age, years | 64.2 ± 10.7 | 56.8 ± 15.4 | 0.002 |
| Age ≥ 75 years | 16 (20.8) | 12 (11.5) | 0.089 |
| Female | 23 (29.9) | 23 (22.1) | 0.236 |
| Body mass index, kg/m2 | 28.9 ± 4.9 | 28.2 ± 6.1 | 0.163 |
| Serum creatinine, μmol/L | 89 ± 64 | 86 ± 20 | 0.253 |
| Prior myocardial infarction | 3 (3.9) | 5 (4.8) | 1.000 |
| Prior PCI | 9 (11.7) | 6 (5.8) | 0.153 |
| Prior cardiac surgery | 8 (10.4) | 19 (18.3) | 0.141 |
| Prior aortic surgery | 0 (0) | 8 (7.7) | 0.022 |
| Diabetes | 4 (5.2) | 4 (3.8) | 0.663 |
| Smoking habit | 36 (46.8) | 50 (48.1) | 0.860 |
| Hypertension | 58 (75.3) | 73 (70.2) | 0.445 |
| Dialysis | 1 (1.3) | 1 (1.0) | 1.000 |
| Pulmonary disease | 8 (10.4) | 17 (16.3) | 0.251 |
| Cerebrovascular disease | 6 (7.8) | 5 (4.8) | 0.406 |
| Peripheral arterial disease | 6 (7.8) | 6 (5.8) | 0.589 |
| LVEF ≤ 50% | 23 (29.9) | 33 (31.7) | 0.789 |
| Pulmonary hypertension | 4 (5.2) | 6 (5.8) | 1.000 |
| Aorta diameter at pre-operative imaging | |||
| Sinus of Valsalva, mm | 44.1 ± 8.0 | 47.4 ± 8.3 | 0.009 |
| Sino-tubular junction, mm | 43.0 ± 8.9 | 46.5 ± 9.9 | 0.021 |
| Mid-ascending aorta, mm | 47.7 ± 8.8 | 45.0 ± 9.0 | 0.098 |
| Operative data | |||
| Bicuspid aortic valve | 37 (50.0) | 43 (49.4) | 0.942 |
| Mechanical prosthetic valve | 30 (39.5) | 87 (86.1) | < 0.0001 |
| Concomitant CABG | 3 (3.9) | 5 (4.8) | 1.000 |
| Hypothermic circulatory arrest | 9 (11.7) | 10 (9.7) | 0.669 |
| Aortic cross-clamp time | 106 ± 38 | 141 ± 33 | < 0.0001 |
| Cardiopulmonary bypass time | 182 ± 58 | 191 ± 65 | 0.268 |
Categorical variables are reported as counts and percentages (in parentheses). Continuous variables are reported as mean and standard deviation
CABG coronary artery bypass grafting, LVEF left ventricular ejection fraction, PCI percutaneous coronary intervention