Fig. 9.

The combination of atipamezole with forskolin dramatically accelerated emergence from the deep sedation compared to that produced by forskolin alone. Two groups of 4 rats were exposed to a sedation session using a bolus injection of dexmedetomidine. At the end of each session the rats received a bolus injection of either forskolin (0.3 mg/kg) or atipamezole (10 µg/kg) with forskolin (0.3 mg/kg). The figure plots the time to emerge from sedation for rats receiving forskolin alone (leftmost group) or atipamezole with forskolin (rightmost group). Emergence in forskolin injected rats was significantly different than in rats injected with atipamezole with forskolin (p = 0.0002; unpaired t-test, n = 4). RORR Times (in seconds): Forskolin (0.3 mg/kg) alone: 1281, 1391, 1894, 2113, Atipamezole (10 µg/ kg) with forskolin (0.3 mg/kg): 41, 59, 59, 57