Serum metabolites associated with three dietary patterns (a) and the corresponding metabolism pathways (b). Dietary-pattern-related metabolites (FDR-adjusted p<0.05) were identified using survey linear regressions with adjustments for age, sex, study field centre, Hispanic/Latino background, education, annual household income, smoking status, drinking status (not for aMED-only metabolite score), total energy intake, physical activity, BMI, use of antihypertensive drugs, use of lipid-lowering drugs and fasting time before blood sample collection