Table 1.

Multivariable-adjusted association between scores of dietary-pattern-related metabolites and risk of diabetes

Metabolite score	No. of metabolites	Tertile for metabolite score			p trend
		T1	T2	T3
Metabolites positively associated with dietary patterns
aMED only	4	1.00 (Referent)	1.04 (0.70, 1.53)	1.05 (0.67, 1.64)	0.83
HEI-2015 only	6	1.00 (Referent)	1.14 (0.68, 1.90)	1.32 (0.77, 2.28)	0.31
hPDI only	5	1.00 (Referent)	0.83 (0.48, 1.44)	1.63 (1.06, 2.51)	0.021
All dietary patterns	32	1.00 (Referent)	0.99 (0.65, 1.51)	0.69 (0.44, 1.09)	0.11
Metabolites inversely associated with dietary patterns
aMED only	46	1.00 (Referent)	0.95 (0.56, 1.62)	1.16 (0.68, 1.99)	0.59
HEI-2015 only	7	1.00 (Referent)	1.09 (0.65, 1.82)	0.97 (0.57, 1.66)	0.84
hPDI only	11	1.00 (Referent)	1.05 (0.65, 1.68)	1.08 (0.66, 1.79)	0.72
All dietary pattern scores	8	1.00 (Referent)	1.77 (1.06, 2.96)	2.94 (1.87, 4.63)	<0.0001

Data are presented as RRs (95% CIs) from survey Poisson regressions with adjustment for age, sex, study field centre, Hispanic/Latino background, education, annual household income, smoking status, drinking status (not for aMED-only metabolite score), total energy intake, physical activity, BMI, hypertension, dyslipidaemia and fasting time before blood sample collection

T, tertile