Table 1.
Patient characteristics.
| ESA (n = 704) | SA (n = 357) | GA (n = 23) | All (n = 1084) | p Value of ESA and SA | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | 29.2 ± 3.6 | 28.8 ± 3.5 | 28.4 ± 4.0 | 29.0 ± 3.6 | .14 |
| BMI* (kg/m2) | 26.9 ± 2.8 | 27.0 ± 3.3 | 26.4 ± 2.8 | 26.9 ± 3.0 | .38 |
| Gestational age (weeks) | 39.4 ± 1.2 | 39.9 ± 1.2 | 39.1 ± 1.5 | 39.4 ± 1.2 | .22 |
| ARM* (n [%]) | 216 (30.7) | 100 (28.0) | 5 (21.7) | 321 (29.6) | .37 |
| Oxytocin (n [%]) | 336 (47.7) | 159 (44.5) | 14 (60.9) | 509 (47.0) | .33 |
| Causes of CS (n [%]) | |||||
| FD* | 250 (35.5) | 126 (35.3) | 15 (65.2) | 391 (36.1) | 1 |
| RCD* | 149 (21.2) | 48 (13.4) | 1 (4.3) | 198 (18.3) | .81 |
| ACV* | 51 (7.2) | 21 (5.9) | 0 (0) | 71 (6.6) | .44 |
| TDAF* | 64 (9.1) | 16 (4.5) | 0 (0) | 80 (7.4) | .07 |
| FHDS* | 53 (7.5) | 38 (10.6) | 3 (13.0) | 94 (8.7) | .10 |
| Complications (n [%]) | |||||
| Diabetes | 150 (21.3) | 42 (11.8) | 3 (13.0) | 195 (18.0) | <.01 |
| thyroid disease | 51 (7.2) | 38 (10.6) | 1 (4.3) | 90 (8.3) | .06 |
| Anemia | 21 (3.0) | 10 (2.8) | 1 (4.3) | 32 (3.0) | .87 |
| hypertension | 59 (8.4) | 37 (10.4) | 1 (4.3) | 97 (8.9) | .29 |
*BMI: Body mass index; ARM: artificial rupture of membranes; FD: foetal distress; RCD: relative cephalopelvic disproportion; FHDS: foetal head drop stagnation; ACV: acute chorionic villitis; TDAF: third degree faecal staining of amniotic fluid.