Skip to main content
. 2023 Jan 31;2023(1):CD005562. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005562.pub3

Comparison 8. Cognitive stimulation versus no cognitive stimulation: follow‐up.

Outcome or subgroup title No. of studies No. of participants Statistical method Effect size
8.1 Cognition ‐ 6 to 12‐week follow‐up 3 242 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.34 [‐0.11, 0.80]
8.1.1 Three months follow‐up MMSE 1 23 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.90 [0.03, 1.78]
8.1.2 Six week follow‐up ADAS‐Cog 1 68 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.07 [‐0.54, 0.41]
8.1.3 Three‐months follow‐up ADAS‐Cog 1 151 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.44 [0.11, 0.77]
8.2 Cognition ‐ 8 to 12‐month follow‐up 4 194 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.13 [‐0.16, 0.42]
8.2.1 Ten ‐ twelve months follow‐up ADAS‐Cog 3 156 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.23 [‐0.09, 0.55]
8.2.2 Eight months follow‐up CAM‐COG 1 38 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.25 [‐0.90, 0.39]
8.3 Cognition: MMSE ‐ Three‐month follow‐up 2 210 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 3.16 [‐0.99, 7.31]
8.4 Cognition: MMSE ‐ 8 to 12‐month follow‐up 3 142 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.53 [‐0.63, 1.70]
8.5 Quality of Life: self‐report & proxy measures 3   Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
8.5.1 Six to twelve week follow‐up QoL‐AD 2 254 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.36 [‐2.47, 3.20]
8.5.2 Six week follow‐up QoL‐AD proxy 1 68 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.30 [‐3.15, 2.55]
8.5.3 Ten months follow‐up QoL‐AD 1 54 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 2.15 [‐1.12, 5.42]
8.5.4 Ten months follow‐up QoL‐AD proxy 1 54 Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) ‐0.28 [‐3.14, 2.58]
8.6 Communication and social interaction 2   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
8.6.1 Twelve week follow‐up Narrative Language ‐ communicative abilities 1 182 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.33 [0.04, 0.63]
8.6.2 Ten month follow‐up 'Relevance of discourse' 1 54 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.15 [‐0.38, 0.69]
8.7 Mood 2   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
8.7.1 Twelve week follow‐up: interviewer / staff‐rated 1 187 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.54 [0.24, 0.83]
8.7.2 Twelve month follow‐up: self‐report 1 50 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.36 [‐0.23, 0.94]
8.8 ADL/IADL scales 5   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) Subtotals only
8.8.1 Six to twelve weeks follow‐up IADL scales 2 176 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.12 [‐0.19, 0.42]
8.8.2 Ten to twelve months follow‐up ADL / IADL scales 3 156 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Random, 95% CI) 0.40 [0.07, 0.72]
8.9 Behaviour that challenges 4   Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) Subtotals only
8.9.1 Six to twelve weeks follow‐up NPI 2 255 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.19 [‐0.06, 0.44]
8.9.2 Ten to twelve months follow‐up NPI severity 2 104 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.43 [0.03, 0.83]
8.9.3 Ten‐month follow up NPI (Caregiver Distress) 1 54 Std. Mean Difference (IV, Fixed, 95% CI) 0.41 [‐0.13, 0.95]