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. 2023 Jan 31;2023(1):CD005562. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005562.pub3

Juarez‐Cedillo 2020.

Study characteristics
Methods iRCT
Participants N = 67 (46F/21M)
Diagnosis of mild dementia, using DSM‐5 criteria (MMSE 19‐24)
Mean MMSE 22.6 (SD 0.9)
Age 77.7 (SD 8.2)
Outpatients
Interventions 'SADEM' cognitive stimulation groups (N = 39)
Treatment‐as‐usual (N = 28)
Outcomes Cognition: ADAS‐Cog; MMSE; Syndrom‐Kurztest (SKT); verbal fluency (semantic and phonological)
Mood: CESD‐R, Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale‐Revised
ADL: Rapid Disabilty Rating Scale (RDRS)
Behaviour: Blessed Dementia Rating Scale
Behaviour problems: NPI
Caregiver outcomes (N.B. No data available for these): Zarit Burden Interview; Beck Depression Inventory; Beck Anxiety Inventory
Notes 90 minutes, 2 times a week, for 48 weeks; 12‐month follow‐up
Risk of bias
Bias Authors' judgement Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias) Unclear risk The exact randomisation method was unclear.
Allocation concealment (selection bias) Low risk Randomisation performed by independent researcher
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias)
All outcomes Low risk Evaluators blind to treatment allocation
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias)
All outcomes Low risk At end of intervention period attrition was low, and intention‐to‐treat analysis was used.
Selective reporting (reporting bias) High risk The results for caregiver outcomes do not appear to be reported. The results for people with dementia appear to include scales not mentioned in the Methods section.
Other bias ‐ training and supervision Low risk Some indication training was provided.
Other bias ‐ treatment manual Low risk Paper reported a detailed manual was used for the intervention.