Orrell 2014.

Study characteristics
Methods	RCT
Participants	N = 236 (150 F/86 M) Dementia according to DSM‐IV criteria (31% Alzheimer's disease) 32% receiving AChEI medication Mean MMSE 17.8 (SD 5.5) Age 83.1 (SD; 7.6) Nine care homes and nine community settings
Interventions	Maintenance cognitive stimulation groups (following 7 weeks of twice‐weekly cognitive stimulation groups) (N = 123) Treatment‐as‐usual controls (following 7 weeks of twice‐weekly cognitive stimulation groups) (N = 113)
Outcomes	Cognition: ADAS‐Cog; MMSE Quality of life: QoL‐AD (self‐report and proxy); DEMQOL Mood: Cornell Scale for Depression in Dementia; RAID ADL: ADCS‐ADL scale Behaviour problems: NPI Caregiver outcomes: SF‐12
Notes	45 minutes, once a week, for 24 weeks No data were imputed for those cases in which all assessments were missing (see page 30, SHIELD report). Adjusted means used for meta‐analysis
Risk of bias
Bias	Authors' judgement	Support for judgement
Random sequence generation (selection bias)	Low risk	"The random allocation sequence was computer‐generated and in the ratio of 1:1." Carried out by clinical trials unit
Allocation concealment (selection bias)	Low risk	Only intervention researcher informed of allocation by clinical trials unit
Blinding of outcome assessment (detection bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Blinded researchers completed interviews and questionnaires. Proxy measures completed by carers/care staff not blinded
Incomplete outcome data (attrition bias) All outcomes	Low risk	Attrittion rates and reasons given, analysis by treatment allocated
Selective reporting (reporting bias)	Low risk	Results given for all planned outcomes
Other bias ‐ training and supervision	Low risk	"All facilitators had at least 1 year of experience in dementia care, and had attended the 1‐day CST training course."
Other bias ‐ treatment manual	Low risk	Published treatment manual