. 2022 Dec 23;14(1):534–544. doi: 10.1002/jcsm.13157

Table 4.

Associations of 4‐year changes in flexibility with incident low muscle mass, low muscle strength and sarcopenia

New‐onset outcomes	Every 1‐cm increase in flexibility
New‐onset outcomes	OR (95% CI)	P
Low muscle mass ^a	0.96 (0.93, 1.00)	0.025
Low muscle strength ^b	0.96 (0.94, 0.98)	0.002
Sarcopenia ^c	0.96 (0.93, 0.99)	0.007

Abbreviations: CI, confidence interval; OR, odds ratio.

Note: Adjusted for age groups, sex, fat mass index categories, education levels, physical activity, drinking status, smoking status, diabetes, hypertension, hypertriglyceridaemia, low high‐density lipoprotein and baseline body flexibility categories.

^{^a}

Participants (n = 992) without low muscle mass at baseline and having information on 4‐year changes in flexibility and the development of low muscle mass were included in the analysis.

^{^b}

Participants (n = 1054) without low muscle strength at baseline and having information on 4‐year changes in flexibility and the development of low muscle strength were included in the analysis.

^{^c}

Participants (n = 1191) without sarcopenia at baseline and having information on 4‐year changes in flexibility and the development of sarcopenia were included in the analysis.