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(A) Secretion and translocation of a Yop from Yersinia spp. into the cytosol of a macrophage (MΦ). (B) Deletion of the translocation domain (ca. aa 15 to 50) results in loss of translocation. (C) YopB and YopD are required for translocation but not for secretion. (D) A YopK mutant exhibits enhanced translocation. See the text for details.
