Table 2.
Incidence per 10,000 person-years and hazard ratios for glaucoma during the 12-year follow-up period.
| Variable | Study Participants | Number of Cases | Incidence per 10,000 person-years | Hazard Ratio | P (adjusted hazard ratio) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Adjusted | Unadjusted | |||||
| Total | 12,738 | 577 | ||||
| OSA | ||||||
| No | 6,369 | 272 | 37.31 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 6,369 | 305 | 46.24 | 1.42 (1.19–1.69) | 1.31 (1.11–1.55) | <.001 |
| Sex | ||||||
| Female | 2,279 | 103 | 41.38 | 1 | 1 | |
| Male | 10,459 | 474 | 41.59 | 1.07 (0.86–1.34) | 1.01 (0.81–1.25) | .231 |
| Age, y | ||||||
| < 60 (young) | 11,386 | 438 | 35.25 | 1 | 1 | |
| ≥ 60 (old) | 1,352 | 139 | 95.20 | 1.94 (1.57–2.41) | 2.67 (2.21–3.24) | <.001 |
| BMI | ||||||
| 18.5–25 (normal) | 5,372 | 250 | 42.75 | 1 | 1 | |
| < 18.5 (underweight) | 142 | 3 | 19.51 | 0.55 (0.17–1.71) | 0.89 (0.72–1.11) | .298 |
| ≥ 25 (overweight) | 7,224 | 324 | 41.10 | 0.93 (0.78–1.10) | 1.35 (1.08–1.70) | .391 |
| Economic status | ||||||
| High | 4,759 | 257 | 49.56 | 1 | 1 | |
| Low | 7,979 | 320 | 36.78 | 0.82 (0.69–0.97) | 0.74 (0.63–0.88) | .267 |
| Region | ||||||
| Metropolitan | 2,662 | 116 | 39.91 | 1 | 1 | |
| Rural | 6,543 | 255 | 35.62 | 0.90 (0.72–1.12) | 0.89 (0.72–1.11) | .355 |
| Seoul | 3,533 | 206 | 53.93 | 1.31 (1.04–1.65) | 1.35 (1.08–1.70) | .017 |
| HTN | ||||||
| No | 9,500 | 334 | 32.20 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 3,238 | 243 | 69.20 | 1.53 (1.26–1.86) | 2.14 (1.81–2.52) | .259 |
| DM | ||||||
| No | 11,504 | 463 | 36.85 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 1,234 | 114 | 86.18 | 1.50 (1.20–1.89) | 2.34 (1.90–2.87) | .009 |
| CKD | ||||||
| No | 12,123 | 540 | 40.85 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 615 | 37 | 55.52 | 0.87 (0.62–1.23) | 1.36 (0.97–1.89) | .216 |
| OSA surgery | ||||||
| No | 11,187 | 527 | 42.94 | 1 | 1 | |
| Yes | 1,551 | 50 | 30.98 | 0.71 (0.52–0.96) | 0.74 (0.56–0.99) | .03 |
BMI = body mass index, CKD = chronic kidney disease, DM = diabetic mellitus, HTN = hypertension, OSA = obstructive sleep apnea.