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. 2023 Jan 19;13:1087689. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1087689

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Copyright © 2023 Luo, Zhou, Zhang, Zhang, Long, Lin, Yang, Duan, Yang, Yang, Che, Yang, Guo, Zi, Ouyang, Yang, Zeng and Zhao

This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (CC BY). The use, distribution or reproduction in other forums is permitted, provided the original author(s) and the copyright owner(s) are credited and that the original publication in this journal is cited, in accordance with accepted academic practice. No use, distribution or reproduction is permitted which does not comply with these terms.

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Immunomodulatory effects of eNK-EXO in vitro. (A) ELISA measurement of perforin and TNF-α concentrations in the growth medium of eNK-EXO treated NK cells (n=3, mean ± SEM, **p< 0.01). (B) CCK-8 assay showing the cytotoxicity of eNK-EXO treated NK cells and NK92/MI cells against SKOV3 cells (n=3, mean ± SEM, t-test, *p< 0.05, **p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001). (C) ELISA measurement of perforin and TNF-α concentrations in the growth medium of SKOV3 cells co-cultured with eNK-EXO treated NK cells (n=3, mean ± SEM, *p< 0.05). (D) CCK-8 assay showing the cytotoxicity of AS-t-NK cells and eNK-EXO treated AS-t-NK cells against SKOV3 cells (n=3, mean ± SEM, **p< 0.01, ***p< 0.001).