Table 5.
Studies on adverse effects on horses which were reassessed
| N$/group, breed gender | Dosage and duration (mg/kg feed or mg/kg bw) | Endpoint(s) | Adverse effect concentration (mg/kg feed)** | References |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| 5 | Barley (1.27 kg/day) containing 36–44 mg/kg dry matter for 40 days | No effect of feed; decreases in GGT, aspartate transferase and creatine kinase, attributed to changes in hydration; not treatment related but no controls | No effect at 36 mg/kg | Johnson et al., 1997 |
|
3, 3 groups No exercise |
Corn and wheat with 14.1 and 0.7 mg/kg DON and 15‐Ac‐DON; 3 weeks The diet was also contaminated with high level of ZEN |
64% reduction in grain intake, no effect on hay consumption; no effect on body weight; significant increase in serum GGT after 1 and 2 but not 3 weeks High fusaric acid levels in hay but same for controls |
Effect at 14.8 mg/kg | Raymond et al., 2003 |
|
6, 3 treatments in Latin square design Exercised |
Contaminated grains with 11.2 and 0.7 mg/kg DON and 15‐Ac‐DON (as fed); 3 weeks |
35% reduction in grain intake over 3‐week period; no effect on hay consumption. No effects on exercise‐related parameters. High fusaric acid levels in hay but same for controls |
Effect at 11.9 mg/kg (as fed) | Raymond et al., 2005 |
| 5, 2 treatments | Contaminated oats with 20.2 mg DON/kg; 2 weeks, 2 kg/day | No effect on feed intake or body weight, various immune parameters, except 30% increase in serum haptoglobin | No effect at 20.2 mg/kg feed | Khol‐Parisini et al., 2012 |
| 4, 4 and 5, 3 treatments | Contaminated wheat with 0.5, 7.9 and 12.9 mg/kg DM; 3 weeks, 4 kg/day (89% DM). Grass silage 10.4 kg/day, 0.02–0.30 mg DON/kg DM; 45% DM) |
25% reduction in average wheat intake (high concentration) on day 21, not day 1. Decreased wheat intake in 3 horses at high concentration, starting after day 5. No colic or depression, haematology, serum chemistry or immunological parameters. |
Effect at 12.9 mg/kg DM, no effect at 7.9 mg/kg DM Corresponding levels in total ration, 0.3, 3.5 and 5.6 mg/kg DM |
Schulz et al., 2015 Additional information provided by Ingrid Vervuert, 2022 (see Documentation submitted to EFSA) |