Table 2.
Bivariate analysis of factors by outcome for children (⩽13 years) admitted to PMH, June–September 2018 (n = 284)*.
| Variables | Bivariate | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| All (n = 284) | p-Value | Medical only (n = 202) | p-Value | |||
| Death, N (%) | Survival, N (%) | Death, N (%) | Survival, N (%) | |||
| Age group, months | 0.255 | 0.458 | ||||
| 0–1 | 0 (0) | 23 (9.1) | 0 (0) | 16 (9.1) | ||
| 2–6 | 2 (16.7) | 32 (12.6) | 2 (16.7) | 23 (13.1) | ||
| 7–11 | 3 (25.0) | 19 (7.5) | 3 925.0) | 15 (8.5) | ||
| 12–24 | 2 (16.7) | 28 (11.0) | 2 (16.7) | 24 (13.6) | ||
| 25–60 | 2 (16.7) | 65 (25.6) | 2 (16.7) | 45 (25.6) | ||
| >60 | 3 (25.0) | 87 (34.3) | 3 (25.0) | 53 (30.1) | ||
| Sex | 0.659 | 0.714 | ||||
| Male | 6 (50.0) | 153 (56.5) | 6 (50.0) | 102 (55.4) | ||
| Female | 6 (50.0) | 118 (43.5) | 6 (50.0) | 82 (44.6) | ||
| Location | 0.071 | Deferred | ||||
| Medical | 12 (92.3) | 184 (67.9) | ||||
| Surgical | 1 (7.7) | 87 (32.1) | ||||
| Weight-for-age z-score | 0.037 | 0.038 | ||||
| Less than or equal to −2 | 4 (50.0) | 33 (16.7) | 4 (50.0) | 25 (16.7) | ||
| Greater than −2 | 4 (50.0) | 164 (83.3) | 4 (50.0) | 125 (83.3) | ||
| HIV-exposed, age 6 months or less | 0.077 | 0.124 | ||||
| No | 0 (0) | 35 (74.5) | 0 (0) | 23 (67.7) | ||
| Yes | 2 (100) | 12 (25.5) | 2 (100) | 11 (32.3) | ||
| HIV-positive, age greater than 6 months | 0.071 | 0.110 | ||||
| No | 8 (80) | 198 (96.1) | 8 (80) | 135 (95.1) | ||
| Yes | 2 (20) | 8 (3.9) | 2 (20) | 7 (4.9) | ||
| Conditions, by type | 0.240 | 0.574 | ||||
| Infection† | 8 | 78 | 0 | 75 (40.8) | ||
| Orthopedic/osteoarticular | 0 | 32 | 0 | 0 (0) | ||
| Surgical, general | 0 | 30 | 0 | 4 (2.2) | ||
| Neurologic/developmental | 0 | 27 | 0 | 26 (14.1) | ||
| Oncologic | 1 | 23 | 0 | 23 (12.5) | ||
| Gastrointestinal | 3 | 15 | 0 | 8 (4.4) | ||
| Renal | 0 | 4 | 0 | 2 (1.1) | ||
| Respiratory | 0 | 8 | 0 | 7 (3.8) | ||
| Cardiovascular | 0 | 13 | 0 | 0 (0) | ||
| Toxic/accidental | 0 | 10 | 0 | 4 (2.2) | ||
| Surgical, plastics | 0 | 9 | 0 | 0 (0) | ||
| Hematologic | 1 | 8 | 0 | 8 (4.4) | ||
| Endocrine/metabolic | 0 | 9 | 0 | 9 (4.9) | ||
| Dermatologic | 0 | 5 | 0 | 5 (2.7) | ||
| Prescribed antibiotic | 0.003 | 0.014 | ||||
| No | 1 (7.7) | 137 (50.7) | 1 (8.3) | 83 (45.1) | ||
| Yes | 12 (92.3) | 133 (49.3) | 11 (91.7) | 101 (54.9) | ||
| Comorbidity | 0.008 | 0.027 | ||||
| No | 5 (38.5) | 202 (74.5) | 4 (33.3) | 123 (66.9) | ||
| Yes | 8 (61.5) | 69 (25.5) | 8 (66.7) | 61 (33.2) | ||
| ITAT‡ | 0.012 | 0.028 | ||||
| Low | 9 (69.2) | 253 (93.4) | 8 (66.7) | 167 (90.8) | ||
| High | 4 (33.3) | 18 (6.6) | 4 (33.3) | 17 (9.2) | ||
*
A total of 284 patients had known outcomes. Missing data were excluded where data does not equal full cohort with known outcomes.
†
Regardless of primary organ system, infections were grouped together.
‡
A score from 0 to 2 was given for each vital sign based on the age-associated degree of abnormality, with higher scores resulting from more abnormal vital signs. A cumulative ITAT score of 4 or higher was associated with increased odds of death.