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. 2023 Jan 30;22:15330338231152083. doi: 10.1177/15330338231152083

Figure 7.

Figure 7.

The detailed structure of magnetic nanoparticles. The CPEs (chemical permeation enhancers) are the types of molecules that interact with the components of the skin's topmost and rate-slowing layer SC (stratum corneum), which increases its permeability. The chemical permeation is chosen from the different chemical functionalities, including esters, alcohols, fatty acids, etc.