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. 2023 Feb 2;23:90. doi: 10.1186/s12884-023-05407-w

Table 1.

Sample characteristics (N = 348)

n %
Sociodemographic
 Age in years, mean ± SD 31.7 ± 4.1
 Race/ethnicity
  White 271 78.1
  Black, Indigenous, or Person of Colour 76 21.9
 Household income below the LICO 72 20.7
 Education
  Post-secondary degree 281 80.7
  Less than post-secondary degree 67 19.3
Physical and Mental Health
 Pre-pregnancy body mass index in kg/m2, mean ± SD 27.4 ± 7.1
 Depressive symptoms: EPDS
  Score, mean ± SD 9.3 ± 5.2
  Score of ≥ 10 157 45.1
 Anxiety symptoms: STAI
  Score, mean ± SD 38.6 ± 12.5
  Score of ≥ 40 166 47.7
Obstetrical
 Parity
  0 167 48.1
  1 137 39.5
  2 +  43 12.4
 Mode of delivery
  Vaginal 220 63.2
  Cesarean 128 36.8
 Obstetrical complications 126 36.2
Chronic condition(s)
 Hematologic (e.g., anemia) 15 4.3
 Endocrine (e.g., diabetes) 126 36.2
 Neurological (e.g., multiple sclerosis) 46 13.2
 Cardiovascular (e.g., hypertension) 32 9.2
 Respiratory (e.g., asthma) 48 13.8
 Gastrointestinal (e.g., Crohn’s disease) 76 21.8
 Dermatologic (e.g., psoriasis) 12 3.4
 Musculoskeletal (e.g., arthritis) 85 24.4
 Genitourinary (e.g., endometriosis) 33 9.5
 Congenital (e.g., Ehlers–Danlos syndrome) 15 4.3

SD Standard deviation, EPDS Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale, STAI Spielberger State-Trait Anxiety Inventory, LICO Low-income cut-off threshold (based on postal code)