Table 2.
Comparison of each Component of DII Scores Between Individuals with Hypertension and Individuals without Hypertension.
| Variables | Overall(n = 45023) | Non-Hypertension(n = 28770) | Hypertension(n = 16253) | P value |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DII | 1.35 (1.30, 1.39) | 1.32 (1.27, 1.37) | 1.40 (1.35, 1.45) | 0.002** |
| Energy | 0.00 (0.00, 0.01) | 0.01 (0.01, 0.01) | -0.01 (-0.01, 0.00) | <0.001*** |
| Protein | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | <0.001*** |
| Carbohydrate | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.01) | -0.01 (-0.01, -0.01) | -0.02 (-0.03, -0.02) | <0.001*** |
| Dietary fiber | 0.19 (0.18, 0.20) | 0.19 (0.18, 0.20) | 0.20 (0.19, 0.22) | 0.02* |
| Total fatty acid | 0.04 (0.03, 0.04) | 0.04 (0.04, 0.05) | 0.03 (0.02, 0.03) | <0.001*** |
| Total saturated fatty acid | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.05) | -0.05 (-0.05, -0.04) | -0.07 (-0.07, -0.06) | <0.001*** |
| MUFA | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | <0.001*** |
| PUFA | -0.07 (-0.07, -0.06) | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.07) | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.05) | <0.001*** |
| n3 Polyunsaturated fatty acid | 0.27 (0.27, 0.27) | 0.27 (0.27, 0.27) | 0.26 (0.26, 0.27) | 0.03* |
| n6 Polyunsaturated fatty acid | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.06) | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.06) | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.06) | <0.001*** |
| Cholesterol | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.02) | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.02) | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.02) | 0.08 |
| Vitamin A | 0.19 (0.18, 0.19) | 0.19 (0.18, 0.19) | 0.19 (0.19, 0.20) | 0.01* |
| Vitamin B1 | 0.01 (0.01, 0.01) | 0.01 (0.01, 0.01) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) | <0.001*** |
| Vitamin B2 | -0.01 (-0.01, -0.01) | -0.01 (-0.02, -0.01) | -0.01 (-0.01, -0.01) | <0.001*** |
| Vitamin B6 | -0.09 (-0.09, -0.08) | -0.09 (-0.10, -0.09) | -0.07 (-0.08, -0.07) | <0.001*** |
| Vitamin B12 | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.02) | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.01) | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.02) | <0.001*** |
| Vitamin C | 0.19 (0.19, 0.20) | 0.19 (0.18, 0.20) | 0.20 (0.19, 0.20) | 0.1 |
| Vitamin D | 0.21 (0.20, 0.21) | 0.20 (0.19, 0.21) | 0.22 (0.21, 0.23) | 0.002** |
| Vitamin E | 0.07 (0.06, 0.08) | 0.07 (0.06, 0.07) | 0.07 (0.06, 0.08) | 0.19 |
| Folate | 0.10 (0.10, 0.10) | 0.10 (0.10, 0.10) | 0.11 (0.11, 0.11) | <0.001*** |
| β-Carotene | 0.35 (0.34, 0.36) | 0.35 (0.34, 0.36) | 0.35 (0.34, 0.36) | 0.57 |
| Niacin | 0.02 (0.02, 0.02) | 0.02 (0.01, 0.02) | 0.03 (0.03, 0.03) | <0.001*** |
| Iron | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | 0.00 (0.00, 0.00) | <0.001*** |
| Magnesium | 0.04 (0.04, 0.05) | 0.04 (0.03, 0.04) | 0.06 (0.05, 0.06) | <0.001*** |
| Zinc | -0.03 (-0.03, -0.02) | -0.03 (-0.04, -0.03) | -0.02 (-0.02, -0.01) | <0.001*** |
| Selenium | -0.10 (-0.10, -0.10) | -0.10 (-0.10, -0.10) | -0.10 (-0.10, -0.09) | <0.001*** |
| Caffeine | 0.08 (0.08, 0.08) | 0.08 (0.08, 0.08) | 0.08 (0.08, 0.08) | 0.003** |
| Alcohol | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.06) | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.06) | -0.06 (-0.06, -0.06) | <0.001*** |
Data are presented as the mean and 95% confidence interval. DII, dietary inflammatory index; MUFA, monounsaturated fatty acids; PUFA, polyunsaturated fatty acids. *** P value<0.001, ** P value<0.01, * P value<0.05.