Table 1.
Conventional Site Selectivity for Substrates Discussed in this Perspective.
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Substrate | Total Examplesa | Percentage of Examples with Conventional Selectivity (%)b | Percentage of Examples with PPh3 or dppf (%)c |
1 | 186 | 81 | 43 |
2 | 143 | 92 | 81 |
3 | 822 | 97 | 77 |
4 | 77 | 94 | 52 |
5 | 68 | (56) | 50 |
6 | 164 | 93 | 49 |
7 | 223 | 99 | 52 |
8 | 162 | 88 | 36 |
9 | 1284 | 99 | 92 |
10 | 23 | (57) | 22 |
11 | 15 | 100 | 40 |
12 | 11 | (55) | 36 |
13 | 1 | (100) | 0 |
14 | 59 | 100 | 78 |
15 | 222 | 100 | 66 |
Total number of examples of Pd-catalyzed cross-coupling to form a C—C or C—N bond, according to a SciFinder search.5
Percentage of examples for which the major product is indicated to result from coupling at the highlighted position. Values in parentheses indicate that the literature is near-evenly divided in describing selectivity or the number of examples is too small to evaluate.
Percentage of examples for which PPh3 or dppf were included in the reaction conditions.