Table 3. Patient, tumour and treatment characteristics at two independent institutions.
| Tumour and treatment characteristics | OUH | HUH |
|---|---|---|
| Age (years) | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| <60 | 134 (41.0) | 53 (37.9) |
| 60–69 | 96 (29.4) | 48 (34.3) |
| ≥70 | 97 (29.7) | 39 (27.9) |
| Tumour location | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| Right side | 144 (44.0) | 68 (48.6) |
| Left side | 134 (41.0) | 49 (35.0) |
| Midline/bilateral | 49 (15.0) | 23 (16.4) |
| Multifocality | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| Solitary | 273 (83.5) | 118 (84.3) |
| Multifocal | 54 (16.5) | 22 (15.7) |
| MGMT promoter status | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| Hypermethylated | 108 (33.0) | 75 (53.6) |
| Unmethylated | 141 (43.1) | 63 (45.0) |
| Unknown | 78 (23.9) | 2 (1.4) |
| IDH status | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| Mutated | 26 (8.0) | 11 (7.9) |
| Wild type | 227 (69.4) | 122 (87.1) |
| Unknown | 74 (22.6) | 7 (5.0) |
| Extent of surgical resection at primary diagnosis | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| GTR | 118 (36.1) | 50 (35.7) |
| STR | 153 (46.8) | 68 (48.6) |
| Biopsy | 56 (17.1) | 22 (15.7) |
| Treatment at primary diagnosis | Total n = 327 (%) | Total n = 140 (%) |
| TMZ + 60Gy IR | 201 (61.5) | 80 (57.1) |
| TMZ + <60Gy IR | 46 (14.1) | 26 (18.6) |
| Chemotherapy | 14 (4.3) | 2 (1.4) |
| IR only | 25 (7.7) | 21 (15) |
| Clinical trials* | 12 (3.7) | 0 |
| No antineoplastic treatment | 29 (8.9) | 11 (7.9) |
| Treatment at first tumour recurrence | Total n = 210 (%) | Total n = 99 (%) |
| GK/SRS (+/- chemotherapy) | 8 (3.8) | 30 (30.3) |
| IR (+/- chemotherapy) | 4 (1.9) | 1 (1.0) |
| LAVA** | 4 (1.9) | 18 (18.2) |
| Chemotherapy | 91 (43.3) | 7 (7.1) |
| Surgery (+/- other treatment) | 33 (15.7) | 15 (15.2) |
| Other treatment*** | 1 (0.5) | 1 (1.0) |
| No antineoplastic treatment | 69 (32.9) | 27 (27.3) |
| Treatment at second tumour recurrence | Total n = 91 (%) | Total n = 61 (%) |
| GK/SRS (+/- chemotherapy) | 1 (1.1) | 10 (16.4) |
| IR (+/- chemoterapy) | 6 (6.6) | 1 (1.6) |
| LAVA** | 1 (1.1) | 20 (32.8) |
| Chemotherapy | 22 (24.2) | 5 (8.2) |
| Surgery (+/- other treatment) | 6 (6.6) | 6 (9.8) |
| Other**** | 1 (1.1) | 1 (1.6) |
| No antineoplastic treatment | 54 (59.3) | 18 (29.5) |
| Treatment at third tumour recurrence | Total n = 20 (%) | Total n = 36 (%) |
| GK/SRS/IR (+/- chemotherapy) | 2 (10.0) | 2 (5.6) |
| LAVA** | 0 (0) | 14 (38.9) |
| Chemotherapy | 2 (10.0) | 0 (0) |
| Surgery (+/- other treatment) | 0 (0) | 3 (8.3) |
| No antineoplastic treatment | 16 (80.0) | 17 (47.2) |
*Clinical trials: Immunotherapy or placebo + IR 60 Gy (+/-adjuvant TMZ) (n = 11); clinical trial with dendritic cell vaccination + IR 60Gy (n = 1)
**LAVA registered at OUH is either bevacizumab in combination with lomustine, bevacizumab monotherapy or LAVA administered at HUH.
***Other treatment: immunotherapy, private clinic (n = 1)(HUH); dabrafenib plus trametinib, clinical trial (n = 1) (OUH)
****Other treatment: Bortezomib and temozolomide, Bortem-17 clinical trial phase Ib (n = 2)
Abbreviations: OUH: Oslo University Hospital; HUH: Haukeland University Hospital; IDH: isocitrate dehydrogenase; MGMT: O6 methylguanine-DNA methyltransferase; GTR: gross total resection; STR: subtotal resection; TMZ: temozolomide; IR: ionizing radiation; Gy: Gray; GK: gamma knife; SRS: stereotactic radiosurgery; LAVA: lomustine, vincristine and bevacizumab