Table 2.

The defined variables, their categories, and descriptions

Variable	Category	Description
Data source	Primary	All resources by which the required data were directly obtained from healthcare centers, hospitals, clinics, primary care centers, medical records, individuals, etc.
	Secondary	All data obtained by other approaches, e.g., from existing or publicly available databases, government reports, media, web-scraping/web-crawling, etc.
Level of data granularity	Global	The data displayed by the dashboard belong to multiple countries
	National	The data displayed by the dashboard belong to a single country (national) or multiple states or provinces of a country
	State	The data displayed by the dashboard belong to one or more counties/cities of a single state/province
	County	Data displayed at a more detailed level compared to the state level, e.g., institutional level
	Organizational	Dashboards that belonged to one or more health institutes and/or organizations; such dashboards are mainly used only by the organizations in question
Main indicators of COVID-19	Death	The total and/or new number of fatalities caused by COVID-19
	Active/new cases	Includes total confirmed cases and/or active/new cases, which may or may not include hospitalized patients. Critical and severe cases are considered separately as ancillary indicators
	Recovered	Patients who have recovered from the infection
	Tests	Negative/positive and/or total tests carried out on suspected patients
Ancillary indicators of COVID-19 (other)	Patient status	Patients’ clinical/physiological status (e.g., vital signs (heart rate, body temperature, respiratory rate, blood oxygen saturation), abnormal symptoms (e.g., chest X-ray abnormalities), any laboratory and radiology tests, etc.)
	ICU hosted	Any COVID-19 infected case with a severe clinical situation (normally defined by COVID-19 severity score) admitted to the ICU, hosted in ICU, or dead in ICU
	Tests	Tests, test types, and any test result (positive or negative)
	Demographic data	Case identification data (e.g., age, sex, race, ethnicity, nationality)
	Geographic data	Any kind of data related to locations and population (e.g., city/state/region details, distance data, GIS data)
	Population data	Any population-related data (e.g., population demographics, travels data, occupational data)
	Hospitalized	Any case infected with COVID-19 hosted in the hospital to receive clinical care
Data processing	Simple	Data processed in a simple way, mainly carried out by descriptive statistics indicators such as frequency, mean, average, and variance.
	Advanced	Data processed by more advanced techniques such as machine learning, data mining, time-series algorithms, and mathematical models to estimate the future behavior of the disease, intensity of contagion, predictions, etc.