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. 2023 Jan 16;12:e81320. doi: 10.7554/eLife.81320

Figure 3. Maternal obesity does not alter acute anti-viral responses by cord blood monocytes but dampens responses to type-I interferon.

(A) Bar graphs comparing levels (mean and ± SEM) of key secreted factors by purified UCB monocytes in response to RSV infection measured using Luminex (n=4/group) compared to no stimulation (NS). (B) Venn diagram comparing DEG upregulated in response to RSV infection relative to no stim controls in lean and obese groups. (C) Functional enrichment of differentially expressed genes (DEG) detected in both groups (green, top), lean only (blue, middle), and obese group only (yellow, bottom) predicted using Metascape. (D) Heatmap comparing normalized transcript counts (blue – low to red – high) of genes exclusively upregulated in the lean group following RSV infection, mapping to GO terms ‘antigen processing and presentation’, ‘negative regulation of cell differentiation’, and ‘myeloid cell differentiation’. (E) Experimental design for testing monocyte responses to type-I IFN (n=8/group). UCBMC were stimulated with a mix of human IFNɑ and IFNβ for 16 hr and activation markers were measured using flow cytometry (n=7–8/group). (F) Bar graphs comparing activation markers on cord blood monocytes in response to type-I IFN. *- p<0.05, **- p<0.01, ***- p<0.001, ****-p<0.0001.

Figure 3.

Figure 3—figure supplement 1. Cord blood monocyte responses to RSV.

Figure 3—figure supplement 1.

(A) Bar graph representing the number of upregulated (red) or downregulated (blue) DEG in each group. (B) Heatmap of upregulated genes involved in interferon signaling pathway. (C) Surface protein levels of interferon receptor 1 (IFNAR1) represented as the fraction of positive cells (top) or median fluorescent intensity (bottom). *- p<0.05, ***- p<0.001. (D) Venn diagram representing the number of downregulated DEG following RSV stimulation. (E) Functional enrichment of downregulated DEG detected in both groups (top, green), or exclusively in the lean group (top, blue) and obese group (bottom, orange). (F) Four-way venn comparing overall gene expression (both up- and down-regulated genes) changes following E. coli and RSV infections. (G) Five way functional enrichment of unique DEG and the 79 DEG induced in all groups induced following in vitro infection with E. coli and RSV.