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. 2023 Feb 2;14:575. doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-36109-8

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© This is a U.S. Government work and not under copyright protection in the US; foreign copyright protection may apply 2023

Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons license, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article’s Creative Commons license, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article’s Creative Commons license and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this license, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

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Fig. 3 — a Schematic study design with time of immunization (weeks 0–12) or SIV_mac251 challenges (weeks 17–27) and time of collection of ATAC- and RNA-seq samples (black triangle). b SIV_mac251 acquisition. The number of intravaginal exposures before viral acquisition was assessed in n = 12 young animals relative to n = 37 historic controls (Log-rank Mantel-Cox test). c Two-tailed Spearman correlation and simple linear regression between V2-specific ADCC at week 14 and time of acquisition (TOA) in n = 12 animals. d Volcano plot showing in red ATAC-sites with significantly (FDR < 0.05) different accessibility at baseline and week 13 and with absolute fold-change higher than 1.5 (Log₂ = 0.585). Reduced accessibility: 641 sites, Increased: 4026. Blue dots: sites with significantly different accessibility, but lower absolute fold-change. Green dots: sites with not significantly different accessibility, but absolute fold-change higher than 1.5. Gray dots: sites with not significantly different accessibility, but low absolute fold-change. Comparisons performed by two-tailed paired analyses. e Two-tailed Spearman correlation and simple linear regression of variation between baseline and week 13 of the intensity of ATAC site downstream CREB1 TSS accessibility (chr12:95218442-95218735) identified in Supplementary Fig. S6b with TOA in n = 11 vaccinated animals (week 13). f Visualization of the ATAC site downstream CREB1 TSS (chr12:95218442-95218735) whose variation between baseline and week 13 correlated with TOA. The ATAC site of each animal is shown at baseline and week 13 for better comparison (n = 11 animals). Animals that showed an increase in accessibility following vaccination are indicated by the red box. Animals are colored based on TOA, and those with TOA > 8 are framed. Displayed p values are unadjusted. Source data are provided in the Source Data file and at GEO Series accession numbers GSE188879 and GSE189032.