Table 1.

PBMC populations

Cell type	Gating strategy	Time point	PBC (#/L blood)	CWI (#/L blood)	CON (#/L blood)
T cells × 109/L blood	CD3 +	Rest	1.145 ± 0.331	0.997 ± 0.445	03771 ± 0.330
		Post	1.614 ± 0.689*#	1.147 ± 0.469	0.957 ± 0.329
CD4 + T cells × 109/L blood	T cells > CD4 +	Rest	0.469 ± 0.216	0.536 ± 0.260	0.300 ± 0.153
		Post	0.539 ± 0.271	0.613 ± 0.279	0.484 ± 0.234*
CD8 + T cells × 109/L blood	T cells > CD8 +	Rest	0.654 ± 0.184	0.461 ± 0.190	0.468 ± 0.238
		Post	1.045 ± 0.484*#	0.565 ± 0.208	0.474 ± 0.143
Tconventional CD4 + T cells × 109/L blood	CD4 + T cells > CD127hi	Rest	0.427 ± 0.195	0.496 ± 0.248	0.3266 ± 0.145
		Post	0.492 ± 0.252*	0.568 ± 0.263*	0.443 ± 0.213*
Tregs × 109/L blood	CD4 + T cells > CD25hi CD127lo	Rest	0.041 ± 0.024	0.040 ± 0.018	0.029 ± 0.013
		Post	0.046 ± 0.029	0.043 ± 0.022	0.040 ± 0.020
B cells × 109/L blood	CD19 + CD20 + CD3-	Rest	0.257 ± 0.110	0.240 ± 0.082	0.169 ± 0.114
		Post	0.240 ± 0.149	0.237 ± 0.120	0.281 ± 0.152#
Dendritic cells (DCs) × 109/L blood	CD3- CD19- CD56- HLADR + CD14-	Rest	0.131 ± 0.110	0.130 ± 0.052	0.261 ± 0.286
		Post	0.165 ± 0.167	0.135 ± 0.060	0.169 ± 0.211
mDCs × 109/L blood	DCs > CD11c +	Rest	0.095 ± 0.102	0.080 ± 0.052	0.126 ± 0.155
		Post	0.114 ± 0.146	0.082 ± 0.066	0.094 ± 0.118
pDCs × 109/L blood	DCs > CD123 +	Rest	0.012 ± 0.007	0.019 ± 0.015	0.021 ± 0.0312
		Post	0.023 ± 0.019*	0.022 ± 0.016	0.023 ± 0.041
NK cells × 109/L blood	CD3- CD19- CD56 + HLADR-	Rest	0.218 ± 0.081*#	0.300 ± 0.167	0.262 ± 0.133
		Post	0.457 ± 0.212	0.394 ± 0.180	0.268 ± 0.167
CD16− NK cells × 109/L blood	NK cells > CD16-	Rest	0.099 ± 0.053	0.160 ± 0.088	0.168 ± 0.153
		Post	0.138 ± 0.072	0.181 ± 0.093	0.147 ± 0.178
CD16+ NK cells × 109/L blood	NK cells > CD16 +	Rest	0.118 ± 0.078	0.133 ± 0.103	0.093 ± 0.052
		Post	0.315 ± 0.225*#	0.210 ± 0.108	0.120 ± 0.039
Classical monocytes × 109/L blood	CD3- CD19- CD56- HLADR + CD14 +	Rest	0.401 ± 0.119	0.384 ± 0.128	0.464 ± 0.188#
		Post	0.481 ± 0.111	0.405 ± 0.095	0.395 ± 0.233
Non-classical monocytes × 109/L blood	CD3- CD19- CD56- HLADR + CD14lo CD16 +	Rest	0.074 ± 0.049#	0.066 ± 0.048	0.131 ± 0.087#
		Post	0.119 ± 0.064	0.082 ± 0.045	0.130 ± 0.096

Observations of cell populations at 15 min of rest, and immediately post-exposure. ± Standard deviation, *denotes significant time effect of treatment group between rest and post-exposure, ^#denotes a significant time-by-treatment effect where the treatment effect is significantly different to either, or both, other treatment groups (p ≤ 0.05). Cells were gated as T cells (CD3⁺, CD4⁺, CD8⁺), conventional (Tconventional) and regulatory T cells (Treg), B cells, dendritic cells, myeloid dendritic cells (mDCs), plasmacytoid dendritic cells (pDCs), natural killer (NK) cells (CD16⁻, CD16⁺), classical and non-classical monocytes. PBC partial body cryotherapy, CWI cold water immersion, CON control