TABLE 3.
Summary of studies involving the analysis of urinary-extracellular vesicle (EV) miRNAs that have been analyzed in this review including information on the urine volume used for the isolation of EV, the isolation method, the method used for EV miRNA extraction, and the approach followed to select the miRNAs of study.
| Study | Urine volume | Post-DRE collection | Extracellular vesicles isolation method | RNA extraction method | miRNA selection/detection method |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Bryzgunova et al. (2016) | 13 mL | Not Mentioned | Ultracentrifugation added with filtration = microvesicles, and exosomes | DNA or RNA isolation kit (Biosilica Ltd., Russia) | Selected miRNA from previous studies |
| Samsonov et al. (2016) | 40 mL—lectin agglutination method, 13 mL—centrifugation method | Before DRE | Differential centrifugation and lectin induced precipitation | RNA isolation Kit (BioSilica, Russia) | Selected miRNA from previous studies |
| Foj et al. (2017) | 30–50 | Post DRE | Differential centrifugation | miRNeasy serum/plasma kit (Qiagen) | Shortlisted five cancer-associated miRNAs |
| Koppers-Lalic et al. (2016) | 20–90 mL | Post DRE | Differential centrifugation | Trizol LS | Small RNA sequencing |
| Wani et al. (2017) | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Exiqon miRCURYTMexosome isolation | miRNeasy mini kit | Selected from previous study |
| Rodríguez et al. (2017) | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | sequential centrifugation | mirCury, miRNeasy and trizol | NGS |
| Xu et al. (2017) | 200 mL | Not mentioned | hydrostatic filtration dialysis, ultracentrifugation | Spiked with Caeno-rhabditis elegans miR 39 (cel-miR-39) (TIANGEN) when incubation in Trizol | Selected miRNA from previous studies |
| Hasegawa et al. (2018) | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | filter and ultracentrifuged | mirVana miRNA Isolation Kit (Ambion) | Entire miR-888 cluster (based on previous study) |
| Lekchnov et al. (2018) | Not mentioned | Not mentioned | Ultracentrifugation | Denaturing of exosomes followed by Na-acetate precipitation, purified using spin column | Selected from previous studies |
| Fredsøe et al. (2019) | Not mentioned | Before DRE | miRCURY Exosome Isolation Kit | miRCURYTM RNA Isolation Kit | miRNAs previously found consistently detectable in urine from PC patients |
| Bryzgunova et al. (2019) | 20–30 mL | Not mentioned | Ultracentrifugation | Phenol chloroform | miRNA from a pre-formed Urine Exosomes Focus Panel (Exiqon, Denmark) |
| Matsuzaki et al. (2021) | 38.5 mL | Post DRE | Ultracentrifugation | miRNeasy Mini Kit (Qiagen, Venlo, Netherlands), Clean-up Kit (Qiagen), and RNA MS2 (Roche Diagnostics, Mannheim, Germany) | Microarray |
| Konoshenko et al. (2020) | 5 mL | Not mentioned | Ultracentrifugation | Gu/OcA miRNA isolation | miRNA biomarkers of PCa from previous study |
| Davey et al. (2020) | 5 mL | Post DRE | Vn96 Peptide Based isolation | RNeasy Plus Micro Kit (QIAGEN, Valencia, CA, United States) | miRNA from bio fluid of PCa patient from previous study |
| Li et al. (2021) | 10 mL | Before DRE | ExoQuick-TC for tissue culture media and urine (System Biosciences) | miRNeasy Serum/Plasma kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany | NGS |
| Kim et al. (2021) | 10 mL | Catheterized during radical prostectomy | ATPS (Exo2D, EsosomePlus, Seoul, South Korea) | miRNeasy Serum/Plasma Kit (Qiagen, Hilden, Germany | NGS |
| Ruiz-Plazas et al. (2021) | Not mentioned | Post DRE | ExoRNeasy Kit (Qiagen) | ExoRNeasy Kit (Qiagen) | Cell line based selection |
| Holdmann et al. (2022) | 4 mL | Not Mentioned | Norgen Biotek Urine exosome isolation kit | Norgen Biotek Urine exosome isolation kit | NGS |