Table 2.
Independent association of INOCA with traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
| Author and Year | Sample size and feature | Methods | Traditional cardiovascular risk factors (Independent correlation) | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Diabetes | BMI | Women | Hypertension | High cholesterol | Smoking | history of CAD | |||
| (5) Jaskanwal D. Sara, MBCHB 2015 |
Total 1498, CFRAdn+CBFAch+ 520 (47.8±11.9), CFRAdn+CBFAch-478 (49.8±12.6), CFRAdn-CBFAch+ 173 (52.8±13.7), CFRAdn-CBFAch-268 (53.9± 11.5) |
Using an intracoronary Doppler guidewire, evaluating changes in CBF in response to acetylcholine | NO | YES | YES | NO | NO | YES | |
| (10) Shahar Lavi MD 2007 | Total 881, Smokers (n=115) (43±1), Previous Smokers (n=314) (52±0.6), Never Smokers (n=452) (50±0.6) |
ACh Testing | NO | NO | NO | YES | |||
| (11) Peter Ong,MD 2014 | 921, Mean age (62±12) |
ACh Testing | NO | YES | NO | NO | YES | YES | |
| (29) Venkatesh L Murthy 2014 |
405 men Age 61.2 (52.8-68.8), 813 women Age 62.3 (54.1-71.6) |
on rest/stress PET myocardial perfusion imaging, Coronary flow reserve |
YES | YES | NO | YES | |||
| (30) Thomas J Ford 2020 | 391, 151 INOCA [Genetic analysis 140, Mean age (61.1±10.1)] | interventional diagnostic procedure, undergo quantitative perfusion cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR) imaging at 1.5 T using pharmacological stress testing with intravenous adenosine (140mg/kg/min), Serum ET-1 was determined |
YES | NO | |||||
| (16) Carl J. Pep, MD 2010 | 189 women, Mean age (55±10) |
adenosine injected doppler flow testing, Inflammatory markers measured | NO | YES | YES | YES | |||
| (46) Iida Stenström 2017 | 189, Mean age 62 (47–80) |
coronary computed tomography angiography, quantitative 15O-water PET perfusion imaging, invasive coronary angiography | YES | YES | YES | YES | |||
| (19) Louise E J Thomson 2015 |
118 women, Mean age (53.9±11.4) |
Cardiac MRI, stress perfusion, invasive coronary reactivity testing (CRT) |
NO | YES | YES | YES | |||
| (47) Jaime L Shaw 2018 | 22 females, Mean age 52.6 ± 13 |
native T1 mapping cardiac MR including function, stress/rest perfusion, and viability imaging. |
YES | YES | |||||
Interventional diagnostic procedure (IDP) that combined guidewire-based direct measurement of coronary vascular function followed by pharmacological vasoreactivity testing.