Table 3.
Mean squares for grain yield and other FAW resistance associated traits of 160 medium maturing tropical maize hybrids evaluated in two diallel experiments under artificial FAW infestation in Kiboko, Kenya.
| Source | DF‡ | GY | AD | PH | FD1 | FD2 | FD3 | ED | EXHL | ER | TLGTH |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Experiment I | |||||||||||
| Environments, E | 2/1 | 817.11** | 292.35** | 192098.19** | 379.89** | 342.09** | 286.41** | 34.83** | 1466.24** | 590.97** | 18354.39** |
| Rep (Env), R | 3/2 | 31.66** | 10.64** | 3270.01** | 9.35** | 9.49** | 9.96** | 3.90** | 16.66** | 2494.08** | 339.88** |
| Hybrids, H | 104 | 8.77** | 24.88** | 1843.15** | 0.61* | 0.54ns | 0.67ns | 2.55** | 2.78* | 405.22** | 54.39** |
| GCA | 14 | 18.47** | 98.35** | 6556.10** | 1.35** | 1.36** | 2.37** | 7.41** | 4.85** | 1427.09** | 165.0** |
| SCA | 90 | 7.64** | 13.45** | 1110.02** | 0.50* | 0.41* | 0.41* | 1.79* | 2.42ns | 256.66** | 36.89ns |
| HxE | 208/104 | 4.28** | 6.79ns | 562.03** | 0.62ns | 0.49ns | 0.65* | 1.61* | 2.50ns | 200.0** | 42.04* |
| GCA x E | 28/14 | 9.02** | 11.23** | 1158.16** | 1.22** | 1.09** | 1.14** | 3.87** | 2.63ns | 310.22** | 74.03** |
| SCA x E | 180/90 | 3.49** | 6.10ns | 469.30** | 0.53ns | 0.39ns | 0.57ns | 1.30ns | 2.53ns | 182.87** | 37.44ns |
| Error | 150/99 | 2.96 | 6.41 | 445.00 | 0.51 | 0.45 | 0.53 | 1.24 | 2.75 | 136.16 | 29.96 |
| Heritability | 0.53 | 0.63 | 0.80 | 0.32 | 0.33 | 0.35 | 0.65 | 0.31 | 0.54 | 0.41 | |
| 2GCA/(2GCA+SCA) | 0.83 | 0.94 | 0.92 | 0.84 | 0.87 | 0.92 | 0.89 | 0.80 | 0.92 | 0.90 | |
| Experiment II | |||||||||||
| Environments, E | 2/1 | 455.22** | 654.10** | 122749.41** | 310.43** | 126.60** | 158.12** | 102.49** | 526.77** | 1607.16** | 12319.42** |
| Rep (Env), R | 3/2 | 14.34** | 32.76** | 10216.06** | 6.05** | 3.09** | 3.24** | 1.02* | 8.34** | 10.62ns | 38.16** |
| Hybrids, H | 54 | 5.61** | 15.55** | 1962.32** | 0.66* | 0.65* | 0.84** | 4.12** | 1.49ns | 403.87** | 53.51** |
| GCA | 10 | 3.77** | 38.14** | 3759.08** | 1.40** | 1.25** | 1.73** | 15.95** | 1.81* | 1278.20** | 114.18** |
| SCA | 44 | 6.06** | 10.43** | 1553.96** | 0.50ns | 0.51ns | 0.64* | 2.05** | 1.39* | 265.54** | 37.19** |
| HxE | 108/54 | 3.33** | 5.92** | 799.13** | 0.62** | 0.56* | 0.66* | 2.29** | 2.16** | 177.35** | 68.95** |
| GCA x E | 20/10 | 1.91ns | 10.11** | 864.78** | 0.89* | 0.77** | 1.18** | 5.44** | 5.52** | 229.42** | 164.18** |
| SCA x E | 88/44 | 3.65** | 4.96** | 784.21** | 0.56** | 0.51* | 0.55* | 1.11** | 1.43* | 138.82** | 50.20** |
| Error | 106/66 | 2.51 | 3.51 | 416.98 | 0.38 | 0.31 | 0.35 | 0.58 | 0.88 | 75.68 | 18.49 |
| Heritability | 0.61 | 0.82 | 0.89 | 0.49 | 0.38 | 0.39 | 0.51 | 0.54 | 0.56 | 0.71 | |
| 2GCA/(2GCA+SCA) | 0.55 | 0.88 | 0.83 | 0.85 | 0.83 | 0.84 | 0.94 | 0.72 | 0.91 | 0.86 | |
*, **, significant at the 0.05 and 0.01 probability level, respectively; ‡ DF, degrees of freedom; “n1/n2” indicates degrees of freedom for GY, AD, PH, FD1, FD2 and FD3 (n1, for three environments) and for ED, EXHL, ER and TLGTH (n2, for two environments), respectively. GCA, general combining ability effects; SCA, specific combining ability effects. GY, grain yield; AD, days to anthesis; PH, plant height; FD1, FD2, FD3, mean foliar damage scores at 7, 14 and 21 days after artificial infestation, respectively; ED, ear damage; EXHL, number of exit holes; TLGTH, tunneling length; ER, number of rotten ears in %.