Fig. 1.

Effect of resveratrol on fertility of female mice. (A) Schematic of mice subjected to resveratrol treatment for an 8-month period starting at 2 months old and flowchart overview of the scRNA-Seq and low-input methylation sequencing methodology. (1) 2-month-old mice; (2) 6-month-old mice fed DMSO served as the vehicle control; (3) 6-month-old mice fed resveratrol; (4) 10-month-old mice fed DMSO for 8 months; and (5) 10-month-old mice fed resveratrol for 8 months. MII oocytes were obtained from mice after superovulation. Granulosa cells (GCs) were mural GCs released by puncturing the large follicles after stimulation with pregnant mare serum gonadotrophin (PMSG) (Materials and methods section). (B) Litter size of pregnant mice based on the number of pregnant females (n = 5). Note, knockouts and WT were mated separately. (C) Number of MII oocytes collected following ovulation induction from each mouse treated with (+) or without (–) resveratrol (Res) (n = 5 to 7). *P < 0.05, **P < 0.01, ns: not significant. One-way ANOVA and Tukey’s multiple comparison test were performed to analyze the effect of age on female fertility, and two-way ANOVA performed to analyze the effect of both age and resveratrol treatment on female fertility (B and C).