Table 2.
Longitudinal association between BMI and WC, and pre-frailty/frailty: the Tromsø study 1994–2016
| Frailty status | ||||
| Robust (% (n)) |
Pre-frail/frail (% (n)) |
Model 1 OR (95% CI) |
Model 2 OR (95% CI) |
|
| BMI, kg/m2 | 70.5 (3179) | 29.5 (1330) | ||
| Underweight | 0.3 (11) | 0.7 (9) | 2.15 (0.88 to 5.29) | 1.32 (0.49 to 3.54) |
| Normal | 47.6 (1513) | 39.3 (522) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Overweight | 43.7 (1388) | 43.0 (572) | 1.18 (1.02 to 1.36) | 1.19 (1.02 to 1.39) |
| Obesity | 8.4 (267) | 17.0 (227) | 2.42 (1.98 to 2.98) | 2.41 (1.93 to 3.02) |
| WC, cm | n=952 | n=582 | ||
| Normal | 51.5 (490) | 37.3 (217) | Ref. | Ref. |
| Moderately high | 31.1 (296) | 35.0 (204) | 1.54 (1.21 to 1.96)* | 1.57 (1.21 to 2.03)* |
| High | 17.4 (166) | 27.7 (161) | 2.16 (1.65 to 2.83)* | 2.14 (1.59 to 2.87)* |
Model 1: adjusted for age and sex (*excluding sex) at baseline. Model 2: adjusted for age, sex, educational level, marital/cohabitation status, smoking status, alcohol intake, social support, self-perceived health and physical activity level (*excluding sex) at baseline.
BMI categories: Underweight: <18.5 kg/m2. Normal: 18.5–24.9 kg/m2. Overweight: 25.0–29.9 kg/m2. Obesity: ≥30 kg/m2.
WC categories: Normal: men ≤94 cm; women ≤80 cm. Moderately high: men 95–102 cm; women 81–88 cm. High: men >102 cm; women >88 cm.
BMI, body mass index; WC, waist circumference.