Table 1.
Characteristics of the included studies (N=69).
| Features | Values | References | |
| Year of publication, n (%) | |||
|
|
2022 | 10 (13) | [27,30,38,48,52,59,63,64,69,81] |
|
|
2021 | 17 (25) | [19-21,23,25,28,41,45,49,54,61,62,68,73,74,77,78] |
|
|
2020 | 15 (22) | [22,29,31,33,40,43,44,53,57,60,66,70,71,76,79] |
|
|
2019 | 16 (23) | [26,32,34,42,46,47,51,56,65,67,72,75,80,84-86] |
|
|
2018 | 5 (7) | [35,36,50,55,83] |
|
|
2017 | 4 (6) | [24,37,39,58] |
|
|
2016 | 1 (1) | [87] |
|
|
2015 | 1 (1) | [82] |
| Type of publication, n (%) | |||
|
|
Journal article | 49 (71) | [19,21,23,25-30,34,38-46,48-54,56-61,64-66,69-71,73-75,77-79,81,82,84,86,87] |
|
|
Conference paper | 18 (26) | [20,22,24,31-33,35-37,55,62,63,67,68,72,80,83,85] |
|
|
Thesis | 2 (3) | [47,76] |
| Country of publication, n (%) | |||
|
|
United States | 21 (30) | [24,25,30,31,37,41,42,50,54-56,59,61,66,74,76,77,80,83-85] |
|
|
Mexico | 7 (10) | [34,58,65,69-71,86] |
|
|
Norway | 6 (9) | [20,32,35,36,43,47] |
|
|
United Kingdom | 5 (7) | [29,38,48,72,78] |
|
|
South Korea | 5 (7) | [26-28,46,60] |
|
|
Japan | 4 (6) | [33,63,67,79] |
|
|
Pakistan | 3 (4) | [21,22,45] |
|
|
China | 3 (4) | [23,39,44] |
|
|
India | 2 (3) | [51,53] |
|
|
Taiwan | 2 (3) | [62,81] |
|
|
Others | 11 (16) | [19,40,49,52,57,64,68,73,75,82,87] |
| Number of participants | |||
|
|
Mean (SD; range) | 186.9 (522.2; 8-4036) | [19-87] |
|
|
1-100, n (%) | 53 (77) | [19-22,24,26,27,30-40,42-49,53,55,56,58-68,70,71,75-79,81-83,85-87] |
|
|
101-500, n (%) | 11 (16) | [23,25,41,50,51,54,57,69,73,80,84] |
|
|
>500, n (%) | 5 (7) | [28,29,52,72,74] |
| Age of the participants (years) | |||
|
|
Mean (SD; range) | 36.4 (15.44; 5.2-78) | [19-21,26-30,32,34-38,41-43,46-48,51,52,54-59,61-71,73-80,83,85,86] |
|
|
<18, n (%) | 5 (7) | [54-56,59,76] |
|
|
18-40, n (%) | 17 (25) | [21,26,29,37,51,52,58,66,67,73-75,77,78,80,83,85] |
|
|
41-65, n (%) | 25 (36) | [19,20,27,30,32,34-36,38,41-43,47,48,57,62-65,68-71,79,86] |
|
|
>65, n (%) | 3 (4) | [27,46,61] |
| Sex (female; %), mean (SD; range) | 59.4 (15.64; 2.4-100) | [19-22,26-32,34-38,41-48,50,52,53,55-59,61-71,73,75-81,83,85,86] | |
| Participant health conditionsa, n (%) | |||
|
|
Depression | 32 (46) | [19,20,23,24,26,30,32,34-38,42,43,46-48,50,57,59,60,62,65-71,77,79,86] |
|
|
Healthy | 27 (39) | [19,20,32,34-36,42,43,47,48,50,54-57,60,62,65,67-71,75,76,79,86] |
|
|
Any health condition | 26 (38) | [21,22,25,27-29,31,33,39,41,44,45,52,53,58,61,63,64,72-74,80,83-85,87] |
|
|
Internalizing disorders | 4 (6) | [54-56,76] |
|
|
Bipolar | 3 (4) | [26,49,82] |
|
|
Others | 6 (9) | [40,51,69,75,78,81] |
aNumbers do not add up, as participants in many studies had >1 health condition.