Table 3.
Clinical, Functional, Echocardiographic, and Hemodynamic Characteristics at the Time of Diagnosis for World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension Group 1 and 3 Patients
| All Patients | Cohort A | Cohort B | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WSPH Group 1 | (n = 308) 100% | (n = 165) 53.6% | (n = 143) 46.4% | P Value |
| Clinical and functional | ||||
| WHO FC III/IV | 176 (62.2) (n = 283) | 100 (68.0) (n = 147) | 76 (55.9) (n = 136) | 0.035 |
| 6MWD, m | 306 ± 124 (n = 247) | 296 ± 122 (n = 124) | 317 ± 125 (n = 123) | 0.179 |
| NT-proBNP, ng/L | 894 (281–3,225) (n = 242) | 1584 (393–5,099) (n = 117) | 547 (204–1,965) (n = 125) | <0.001 |
| Echocardiographic | ||||
| RA dilation | 139 (64.4) (n = 216) | 81 (73.6) (n = 110) | 58 (54.7) (n = 106) | 0.004 |
| RV dilation | 139 (61.0) (n = 228) | 82 (71.3) (n = 115) | 57 (50.4) (n = 113) | 0.001 |
| Estimated PASP, mm Hg | 63 (48–80) (n = 198) | 66 (53–84) (n = 101) | 55 (43–73) (n = 97) | 0.002 |
| LVEF, % | 60 ± 8 (n = 200) | 59 ± 9 (n = 96) | 61 ± 6 (n = 104) | 0.101 |
| Moderate/severe TR | 70 (34.0) (n = 206) | 44 (44.0) (n = 100) | 26 (24.5) (n = 106) | 0.003 |
| Pericardial effusion | 72 (34.8) (n = 207) | 42 (41.6) (n = 101) | 30 (28.3) (n = 106) | 0.045 |
| Hemodynamic | ||||
| RAP, mm Hg | 8 ± 5 (n = 282) | 9 ± 6 (n = 149) | 7 ± 5 (n = 133) | 0.002 |
| mPAP, mm Hg | 40 ± 12 (n = 308) | 42 ± 13 (n = 165) | 38 ± 12 (n = 143) | 0.005 |
| CI, L/min/m2 | 2.46 ± 0.79 (n = 272) | 2.37 ± 0.75 (n = 138) | 2.54 ± 0.82 (n = 134) | 0.078 |
| SVI, mL/m2 | 31.9 ± 10.9 (n = 223) | 29.9 ± 10.2 (n = 111) | 33.9 ± 11.3 (n = 112) | 0.006 |
| PVR, WU | 6.8 (4.1–10.4) (n = 282) | 7.1 (4.7–11.6) (n = 144) | 6.0 (3.7–9.9) (n = 138) | 0.03 |
| PAC, ml/mm Hg | 1.4 (0.9–2.3) (n = 196) | 1.2 (0.8–1.7) (n = 108) | 1.7 (1.1–2.6) (n = 88) | <0.001 |
| SvO2, % | 65 ± 10 (n = 240) | 63 ± 9 (n = 123) | 67 ± 10 (n = 117) | 0.003 |
| WSPH Group 3 | (n = 151) 100% | (n = 64) 42.4% | (n = 87) 57.6% | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Clinical and functional | ||||
| WHO FC III/IV | 96 (73.9) (n = 130) | 36 (69.2) (n = 52) | 60 (76.9) (n = 78) | 0.328 |
| 6MWD, m | 278 ± 118 (n = 130) | 288 ± 122 (n = 51) | 272 ± 115 (n = 79) | 0.43 |
| NT-proBNP, ng/L | 510 (133–1894) (n = 133) | 348 (156–2484) (n = 53) | 547 (116–1731) (n = 80) | 0.605 |
| Echocardiographic | ||||
| RA dilation | 58 (51.3) (n = 113) | 24 (55.8) (n = 43) | 34 (48.6) (n = 70) | 0.455 |
| RV dilation | 69 (58.5) (n = 118) | 26 (55.3) (n = 47) | 43 (60.6) (n = 71) | 0.571 |
| Estimated PASP, mm Hg | 63 (45–74) (n = 105) | 64 (45–80) (n = 46) | 63 (45–71) (n = 59) | 0.336 |
| LVEF, % | 59 ± 10 (n = 111) | 57 ± 10 (n = 42) | 60 ± 10 (n = 69) | 0.096 |
| Moderate/severe TR | 34 (30.9) (n = 110) | 14 (32.6) (n = 43) | 20 (29.9) (n = 67) | 0.764 |
| Pericardial effusion | 28 (26.2) (n = 107) | 13 (31.7) (n = 41) | 15 (22.7) (n = 66) | 0.304 |
| Hemodynamic | ||||
| RAP, mm Hg | 6 ± 4 (n = 141) | 7 ± 6 (n = 57) | 6 ± 5 (n = 84) | 0.256 |
| mPAP, mm Hg | 36 ± 9 (n = 151) | 36 ± 10 (n = 64) | 35 ± 8 (n = 87) | 0.364 |
| CI, L/min/m2 | 2.57 ± 0.65 (n = 141) | 2.63 ± 0.72 (n = 59) | 2.52 ± 0.60 (n = 82) | 0.322 |
| SVI, mL/m2 | 31.4 ± 8.0 (n = 120) | 32.1 ± 9.6 (n = 50) | 30.9 ± 6.6 (n = 70) | 0.431 |
| PVR, WU | 5.3 (3.5–7.4) (n = 142) | 5.1 (3.3–7.0) (n = 58) | 5.8 (3.7–7.6) (n = 84) | 0.377 |
| PAC, ml/mm Hg | 1.6 (1.2–2.2) (n = 115) | 1.7 (1.2–2.3) (n = 50) | 1.6 (1.2–2.0) (n = 65) | 0.417 |
| SvO2, % | 66 ± 9 (n = 128) | 67 ± 9 (n = 52) | 66 ± 8 (n = 76) | 0.256 |
Definition of abbreviations: 6MWD = 6-minute-walking distance; CI = cardiac index; LVEF = left ventricular ejection fraction; mPAP = mean pulmonary arterial pressure; NT-proBNP = N-terminus prohormone brain natriuretic peptide; PAC = pulmonary arterial compliance; PASP = pulmonary arterial systolic pressure; PVR = pulmonary vascular resistance; RA = right atrial; RAP = right atrial pressure; RV = right ventricle; SVI = stroke volume index; SvO2 = mixed venous oxygen saturation; TR = tricuspid regurgitation; WHO FC = World Health Organization functional class; WSPH = World Symposium on Pulmonary Hypertension.
Data are presented as median (interquartile range, 25th percentile–75th percentile), Wilcoxon rank-sum test.
For categorical variable (e.g., presence of absence of RA dilation, RV dilation etc), data are presented as percentage.
For continuous, normally distributed variables (e.g., LVEF and RAP), data are presented as mean ± SD.
For continuous, skewed variables (e.g., NT-proBNP and PVR), data are presented as median (lower quartile Q1 - upper quartile Q3).