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. 2023 Jan 27;2(1):pgac309. doi: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgac309

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© The Author(s) 2023. Published by Oxford University Press on behalf of National Academy of Sciences.

This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.

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Fig. 3. — Association between heat exposure in the first trimester and birth anthropometry. Scatter plots showing association between average daily maximal temperature (T_max) in the first trimester and (A) LGAZ and (C) HCGAZ at birth. T_max values for each participant were calculated using data from local weather stations. Violin plots (B) LGAZ and (D) HCGAZ in neonates exposed to excess HS during the first trimester. Excessive HS was defined as >20 days with T_max over 39°C in the first trimester. LGAZ, length-for-age Z-score; WGAZ, weight-for-age Z-score; and HCGAZ, head circumference-for-age Z-score. P-values were derived using Pearsons correlation or Wilcoxon test. Results of covariate-adjusted linear regression models are presented in tables. Samples sizes were n = 130 and 321 in excess HS and non-HS groups, respectively.