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. 2023 Feb 3;54:9. doi: 10.1186/s13567-023-01139-z

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© The Author(s) 2023

Open AccessThis article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is not included in the article's Creative Commons licence and your intended use is not permitted by statutory regulation or exceeds the permitted use, you will need to obtain permission directly from the copyright holder. To view a copy of this licence, visit http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/. The Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication waiver (http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/) applies to the data made available in this article, unless otherwise stated in a credit line to the data.

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Inhibition of ERO1α by EN460 reduced cytosolic ROS and viral replication in PEDV-infected Vero E6 cells. Vero E6 cells were infected with PEDV (MOI = 0.001) with or without EN460 (5 μM). Dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) was used as solvent control. A The effects of ERO1α inhibition on CHOP, ERO1α, and PEDV N expression were shown by Western blotting with β-actin used as loading control. B Ratios of ERO1α to β-actin. C Ratios of CHOP to β-actin. D Ratios of N to β-actin. E Cells collected at 36 hpi were measured for changes in cytosolic ROS level by flow cytometry after incubation with 10 μM DCFH-DA for 30 min at 37 °C. F The changes in cytosolic ROS levels were evaluated according to the mean value of DCFH-DA fluorescence intensity and expressed as fold changes between mock- and treated-cells. The effects of ERO1α inhibition by shRNA on viral replication, shown as viral RNA copy numbers measured by RT-qPCR (G) and virus titer (H). The bar charts in B to D, F to H represent mean ± SD of three independent experiments. ns, not significant; *, P < 0.05; **, P < 0.01.