TABLE 4.

Exemplary Studies and Reviews on Mortality From Nonmalignant Respiratory Diseases in Occupational Groups Exposed to Talc

Study	Location	Size	Nonmalignant Respiratory Disease (NMRD)
Fordyce et al34	Vermont (United States)	427	Significant elevations in NMRD (SMR, 2.73; 95% CI, 2.10–3.48) and other NMRDs (SMR, 4.13; 95% CI, 2.88–5.74)
Wild et al33	France (FR) and Austria (AU)	1070 (FR) + 542 (AU)	Nonsignificant excess mortality for NMRD in the French cohort due to pneumoconiosis (SMR, 5.56; three observed; 95% CI, 1.12–16.2) Increased mortality in the highest exposure groups (odds ratio [OR] of 2.5 for a cumulative exposure > 800 y.mg/m3) with a significant trend (OR of 1.08 per 100 y.mg/m3) with cumulative exposure to talc
Wergeland et al35	Norway	390	No excess mortality from NMRD, but a large healthy worker effect present
Ciocan et al31	Italy	1749	Increased mortality from pneumoconiosis (SMR, 9.55; 95% CI, 7.43–12.08); the mortality increased with longer (25+) years of employment with an SMR of 15.12 (95% CI, 10.89–20.43).

CI, confidence interval; SMR, standardized mortality ratio.