Table 1.
Baseline Demographics, Residential Care Facility Perception/Involvement, and Guilt Sources for Spousal and Adult Child Caregivers and Care Recipients (83 Dyads)
| Summary |
Spouse |
Adult Child |
p-value |
|
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Caregiver Characteristics | ||||
| Age in years, M (SD) | 63.0 (10.4) | 73.9 (9.3) | 58.9 (7.6) | <.001 |
| Female, N (%) | 68 (81.9) | 18 (72.0) | 50 (87.7) | .082 |
| White, N (%) | 82 (98.8) | 24 (96.0) | 58 (100.0) | .125 |
| Married, N (%) | 63 (75.9) | 24 (96.0) | 39 (67.2) | .005 |
| Number of living children, M (SD) | 2.0 (1.6) | 2.6 (1.7) | 1.8 (1.6) | .037 |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher, N (%) | 66 (79.5) | 17 (68.0) | 49 (84.5) | .088 |
| Above median income, N (%)a | 49 (59.0) | 11 (45.8) | 38 (67.9) | .064 |
| Employed, N (%) | 40 (48.2) | 4 (16.0) | 36 (62.1) | <.001 |
| Care Recipient Characteristics | ||||
| Age in years, M (SD) | 84.2 (8.4) | 77.4 (7.6) | 87.2 (6.9) | <.001 |
| Female, N (%) | 55 (66.3) | 7 (28.0) | 48 (82.8) | <.001 |
| White, N (%) | 78 (94.0) | 21 (84.0) | 57 (98.3) | .012 |
| Married, N (%) | 32 (38.6) | 23 (95.8) | 9 (15.8) | <.001 |
| Number of living children, M (SD) | 3.5 (2.6) | 2.6 (1.7) | 3.8 (2.8) | .048 |
| Bachelor’s degree or higher, N (%) | 32 (38.6) | 17 (70.8) | 15 (26.3) | <.001 |
| Above median income, N (%)a | 44 (53.0) | 16 (66.7) | 28 (53.8) | .293 |
| ADLs, M (SD) | 6.2 (3.7) | 6.5 (3.4) | 6.1 (3.9) | .646 |
| IADLs, M (SD)‡ | 10.9 (2.9) | 9.6 (4.7) | 11.5 (1.2) | .065 |
| RMBPC frequency, M (SD) | 2.2 (0.9) | 2.1 (1.1) | 2.2 (0.8) | .789 |
| Cognitive impairment, M (SD) | 3.4 (0.6) | 3.6 (0.8) | 3.3 (0.5) | .302 |
| Medicaid, N (%) | 25 (30.1) | 6 (25.0) | 19 (33.3) | .458 |
| Memory Characteristics in months, M (SD) | ||||
| First noticed memory problem | 74.5 (42.7) | 75.8 (28.6) | 73.9 (47.6) | .861 |
| First helped CR 63.0 (36.6) | 57.8 (22.1) | 65.1 (41.2) | .298 | |
| Time since seen doctor. for memory problem 55.4 (35.0) | 65.2 (25.3) | 50.9 (38.1) | .141 | |
| Time since CR moved to RLTC facility | 17.7 (16.0) | 15.6 (16.3) | 18.6 (15.9) | .429 |
| Caregiver Residential Care Facility Perceptions and Involvement | ||||
| Upset CR is in facility | 1.4 (0.9) | 1.4 (1.0) | 1.3 (0.9) | .563 |
| Perceived quality of facility (0–10) | 7.8 (1.6) | 8.1 (1.7) | 7.7 (1.6) | .355 |
| Family Involvement Interview (FII) sum | 20.3 (3.1) | 19.8 (3.1) | 20.5 (3.2) | .354 |
| Number visits to facility past month | 13.6 (9.1) | 19.7 (9.8) | 11 (7.5) | <.001 |
| Typical visit length, minutes | 144.1 (201.6) | 197.6 (310.4) | 123.4 (137.5) | .290 |
| Caregiver Guilt Sources, N (%)b | ||||
| Care recipient made them feel guilty | 30 (36.1) | 7 (28.0) | 23 (39.7) | .311 |
| Other family made them feel guilty | 18 (21.7) | 1 (4.0) | 17 (29.8) | .009 |
| Staff made them feel guilty | 7 (8.4) | 3 (12.0) | 4 (7.0) | .457 |
|
| ||||
Note
a
Median incomes were ≥60k for caregivers and ≥30k for care recipients
b
Missing data are present in caregiver guilt sources.
ADL = Activities of Daily Living; IADL = Instrumental Activities of Daily Living; RMBPC = Revised Memory and Behavior Problems Checklist (1=not at all difficult, 2=just a little difficult, 3=fairly difficult, 4=very difficult, 5=cannot do it all); RLTC = residential long-term care; CR = care recipient; SD = standard deviation; M = mean; N = number of respondents.