Table 3.
Relationship between radiology knowledge level and curricular characteristics in Latin American medical students.
| Characteristics | Radiology knowledge level |
||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| General knowledge | Basis of physics | Risks | Total | Bonferroni correction | T-test P value | ||||
| n | Mean/5.0 points ± SD | Mean/2.5 points ± SD | Mean/2.5 points ± SD | Mean/10.0 points ± SD | |||||
| Country | Bolivia | 206 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 0.9 ± 0.5 | 4.8 ± 1.4 | 0.007 | < 0.001* | |
| Brazil | 209 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.4 ± 0.4 | 6.1 ± 1.0 | ||||
| Colombia | 231 | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 1.5 | ||||
| Ecuador | 248 | 3.0 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 1.3 | ||||
| México | 217 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.5 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 1.1 | ||||
| Paraguay | 200 | 2.9 ± 1.0 | 1.9 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 6.0 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Perú | 203 | 2.8 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 5.0 ± 1.0 | ||||
| Sex | Male | 639 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.015 | |
| Female | 875 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Year | Fifth year | 995 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.023 | |
| Sixth year | 519 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Education type | Public | 790 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | |
| Private | 724 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Importance level | Very Important | 893 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 0.01 | < 0.001* | |
| Important | 496 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Moderate | 109 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.7 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Slightly important | 13 | 2.2 ± 1.1 | 1.2 ± 0.8 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 4.5 ± 2.0 | ||||
| Unimportant | 3 | 2.2 ± 2.1 | 1.0 ± 0.9 | 1.0 ± 0.0 | 4.2 ± 2.8 | ||||
| Perception of knowledge level | Very high | 83 | 2.5 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.2 ± 1.5 | 0.01 | < 0.001* | |
| High | 455 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Regular | 730 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | ||||
| Deficient | 199 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.3 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Bad | 47 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 1.3 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.0 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Percentage of the syllabus completed | 95% − 100% | 254 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.3 ± 0.4 | 6.0 ± 1.2 | 0.01 | < 0.001* | |
| 75% − 94% | 342 | 2.9 ± 0.9 | 1.7 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 5.8 ± 1.4 | ||||
| 50% − 74% | 333 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 5.2 ± 1.1 | ||||
| Less 50% | 154 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 5.2 ± 1.3 | ||||
| No information | 431 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Percentage of classes attended as a function of classes programmed | 95% − 100% | 432 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.8 ± 0.5 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 5.9 ± 1.2 | 0.013 | < 0.001* | |
| 75% − 94% | 438 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.4 | ||||
| 50% − 74% | 387 | 2.8 ± 0.7 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 5.2 ± 1.2 | ||||
| Less 50% | 257 | 2.6 ± 0.8 | 1.4 ± 0.7 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 5.1 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Teaching methodology | Presentations conducted by students | Yes | 577 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.886 |
| No | 937 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Clinical case analysis | Yes | 491 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.162 | |
| No | 1023 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Images analysis | Yes | 834 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 680 | 2.7 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Master classes | Yes | 697 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.7 ± 1.2 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 817 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Information source | Scientific articles | Yes | 693 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.043 |
| No | 821 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Books | Yes | 786 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.037 | |
| No | 728 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Internet | Yes | 576 | 2.9 ± 0.7 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.5 ± 1.2 | 0.025 | 0.341 | |
| No | 938 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Professor’s opinion | Yes | 714 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.152 | |
| No | 800 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Extracurricular activities | Virtual courses | 105 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 0.01 | 0.825* | |
| To face courses | 139 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.0 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Extra readings | 376 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 1.3 | ||||
| Supervised practices | 109 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.7 | 1.1 ± 0.4 | 5.4 ± 1.2 | ||||
| None | 767 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Be present during practical class | X-rays | Yes | 1288 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 5.6 ± 1.4 | 0.025 | 0.008 |
| No | 226 | 2.7 ± 0.8 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.3 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Ultrasound | Yes | 1071 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 443 | 2.6 ± 0.9 | 1.4 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.2 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Computed tomography | Yes | 922 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.7 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.5 | 5.7 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | < 0.001 | |
| No | 592 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Magnetic resonance | Yes | 556 | 2.9 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.2 ± 0.4 | 5.8 ± 1.3 | 0.025 | 0.002 | |
| No | 958 | 2.8 ± 0.9 | 1.5 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.4 ± 1.4 | ||||
| Total score | 1514 | 2.8 ± 0.8 | 1.6 ± 0.6 | 1.1 ± 0.5 | 5.5 ± 1.3 | ||||
SD: Standard deviation; *p-Value obtained from regression analysis and one-way ANOVA.