Figure 4.

Inhibited synthesis of 5-HT and selective blockade of 5-HT receptors significantly ameliorated diarrheal phenotypes in PCD mice. (a) Experimental design showing the process of humanized microbiome to pseudo-germ-free mice and drugs administration: after construction of humanized microbiome mice, LX1606 (100 mg/kg), alosetron and GR113808 (1 mg/kg) were intraperitoneally injected to mice transplanted with fecal microbiota of PCD patients daily for consecutive 7 days. (b) Photograph displaying fecal appearance among six groups (n = 6/group). (c) Whole gastrointestinal transit time and (d) Fecal water content in these groups (n = 10). (e) Representative photographs for colonic motility of each group 60 and 80 min after carmine solution gavage, respectively. (f) Quantification of normalized peristalsis distance in colon of each group (n = 5) at two timepoints (60 min and 80 min). (g) Colonic length of each group (n = 10). (h) Concentration of cAMP level in colon among six grouped mice, n = 5–6. Data are displayed as mean ± SEM; * p < .05, **p < .01, *** p < .005, ns for not significant.