Table 3.
Neonatal outcomes.
| Overall (N = 76) |
Selective (N = 40) |
Solomon (N = 36) |
P valuea | |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Live deliveries n (%) | 73 (96.0) | 39 (97.5) | 35 (97.2) | 0.925 |
| Twin sets n (%) | 56 (73.7) | 29 (72.5) | 27 (75.0) | 1.000 |
| Total liveborn neonates n | 129 | 67 | 62 | 1.000 |
| Vaginal n (%) | 18 (23.7) | 8 (20.0) | 9 (25.0) | 0.751 |
| Cesarean section n (%) | 49 (64.5) | 28 (70.0) | 22 (61.1) | 0.630 |
| Delivery mode unknown n | 9 (11.8) | 4 (10.0) | 5 (13.9) | |
|
Median GA at birth (IQR) |
33.1 (28.0–35.0) | 31.2 (27.0–35.0) | 34.0 (30.3–35.1) | *0.029 |
|
Median Birth weight kg (IQR) |
1.52 (0.94–2.01) | 1.27 (0.76–1.87) | 1.75 (1.22–2.18) | **0.005 |
| Twin discordanceb n (%) | 17 (37.8) | 10 (40.0) | 8 (38.0) | 0.925 |
| BW twin sets available data n | 45 | 25 | 21 | |
| Neonatal mortality n (%) | 12 (9.3) | 7 (10.4) | 5 (8.1) | 0.756 |
| Median CGA at time of death (IQR) | 26.4 (22.1–31.6) | 25.7 (22.4–29.1) | 31.6 (19.3–42.0) | 0.900 |
| Donor n (%) | 5 (3.9) | 4 (6.0) | 1 (1.6) | |
| Recipient n (%) | 5 (3.9) | 1 (1.5) | 4 (6.5) | |
| Donor/Recipient unknown n (%) | 2 (1.6) | 2 (3.0) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Neonatal morbiditiesc n (%) | 43 (48.3) | 31 (75.6) | 12 (40.0) | **0.0065 |
| Sepsis n (%) | 12 (13.5) | 10 (24.4) | 2 (6.7) | *0.028 |
| Early Onset n (%) | 3 (3.4) | 3 (7.3) | 0 (0.0) | 0.245 |
| Late Onset n (%) | 9 (10.1) | 7 (17.1) | 2 (6.7) | 0.166 |
| Cardiac Dysfunction n (%) | 16 (18.0) | 10 (24.4) | 6 (20.0) | *0.020 |
| Renal Dysfunction n (%) | 14 (15.7) | 10 (24.4) | 4 (13.3) | 0.158 |
| Morbidity available data n | 89 | 41 | 30 | |
| Polycythemia n (%) | 11 (13.8) | 7 (15.6) | 4 (11.4) | 0.533 |
| Recipient status n (%) | 7 (8.8) | 4 (8.9) | 3 (8.6) | |
| Anemia n (%) | 11 (13.8) | 8 (17.6) | 3 (27.3) | 0.208 |
| Donor status n (%) | 6 (7.5) | 5 (11.1) | 1 (2.9) | |
| Blood transfusion n (%) | 7 (8.8) | 5 (11.1) | 2 (5.7) | |
| Hematology available datad n | 80 | 45 | 35 | |
| IVHe n (%) | 13 (18.3) | 10 (24.4) | 3 (10.0) | 0.078 |
| IVH Available data n | 71 | 41 | 30 | |
| Grade I unilateral | 5 (7.0) | 3 (7.3) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Grade II unilateral | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.4) | 2 (6.7) | |
| Grade IV unilateral | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Grade I bilateral | 2 (2.8) | 2 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Grade III bilateral | 1 (1.4) | 1 (2.4) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Grade IV bilateral | 1 (1.4) | 0 (0.0) | 1 (3.3) | |
| Bilateral, grades variable | 2 (2.8) | 2 (4.9) | 0 (0.0) | |
| Periventricular leukomalacia | 4 (5.6) | 3 (7.3) | 1 (3.3) |
GA at birth significantly higher in the Solomon group *p = 0.029. Birth weight of neonates significantly higher in the Solomon group **p = 0.005. There were more individual neonates with morbidities in the selective group compared to the Solomon group **p = 0.0065. In a breakdown of the morbidities studied, only the frequency of sepsis and cardiac dysfunction, which was higher in the selective group, reached statistical significance *p = 0.020.
aStatistical analyses between selective FLA and Solomon FLA groups. GA at birth and birth weights were examined using Mann–Whitney t tests. Incidence of events (i.e. delivery events, neonatal mortality and morbidities) were analyzed by categorical analyses.
bTwin discordance defined as a weight discrepancy of >20%. Percentage reflected of available neonate weight data of twin sets.
cNumber of individual neonates with single or multiple morbidities. Percentage reflected of available data n = 89.
dNot all neonates have hematological labs obtained upon delivery.
eIVH results based on available data, wherein head ultrasound data was known (71). While there were more cases of IVH in the selective group compared to the Solomon group, this difference did not reach significance p = 0.078.