Skip to main content
. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 4.
Published in final edited form as: Birth Defects Res. 2022 Nov 19;115(3):390–404. doi: 10.1002/bdr2.2129

TABLE 3.

Mortality in ARM affected births from programs contributing to the study for all years available in each program, ICBDSR

Country- program Surveillance period Number of live births with ARM Live birth prevalence per 10,000 births (95% CI) Age at deatha
Day 1
Day 2–6
Day 7–27
Day 28- Month 12
Year 1–4
Year 5 and above
Death time unknown
n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%) n (%)
Argentina-RENAC 2009–2014 486 4.75 (4.34, 5.19) 145 (29.8)
Colombia-Bogotá 2001–2014 39 0.96 (0.68, 1.31) 1 (2.6)
Colombia-Cali 2011–2014 2 0.73 (0.07, 2.67)
Czech Republic 1994–2014 766 3.57 (3.32, 3.83) 12 (1.6) 15 (2.0) 13 (1.7) 30 (3.9) 2 (0.3) 7 (0.9)
France-Paris 1981–2014 183 2.09 (1.80, 2.42) 8 (4.4) 7 (3.8) 6 (3.3) 0 (0)
Germany-Saxony Anhalt 1980–2014 170 3.23 (2.76, 3.75) 3 (1.8) 5 (2.9) 2 (1.2) 7 (4.1) 2 (1.2) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Iran-TROCA 2005–2012 131 9.24 (7.73, 10.96) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Israel-SMCb 2000–2014 53 2.64 (1.98, 3.45) 0 (0) 0 (0) 2 (3.8) 2 (3.8)
Italy-Lombardy 2003–2012 46 3.45 (2.53, 4.61) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (2.2) 3 (6.5) 1 (2.2) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Italy-Tuscany 1992–2014 117 1.83 (1.52, 2.20) 2 (1.7) 3 (2.6) 0 (0) 2 (1.7) 1 (0.9) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Malta-MCAR 1995–2013 27 3.38 (2.23, 4.91) 0 (0) 0 (0) 1 (3.7) 0 (0) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Mexico- Nuevo Leon 2011–2015 19 0.43 (0.26, 0.67) 0 (0) 2 (10.5) 1 (5.3) 1 (5.3)
Mexico- RYVEMCE 1978–2013 471 3.93 (3.58, 4.30) 85 (18.0) 22 (4.7) 2 (0.4)
Netherlands-Northern 1981–2014 187 3.32 (2.87, 3.84) 13 (7.0) 19 (10.2) 3 (1.6) 7 (3.7) 1 (0.5) 0 (0) 0 (0)
Slovak Republic 2001–2014 262 3.37 (2.97, 3.80) 0 (0) 23 (8.8) 6 (2.3)
South America 1995–2014 1,479 5.05 (4.80, 5.32) 344 (23.3) 72 (4.9) 43 (2.9) 5 (0.3) 20 (1.4)
Spain-ECEMC 1980–2013 554 1.92 (1.76, 2.08) 55 (9.9) 9 (1.6)
Sweden 1974–2014 1,228 2.93 (2.77, 3.10) 31 (2.5) 42 (3.4) 22 (1.8) 28 (2.3) 15 (1.2) 7 (0.6) 0 (0)
Ukraine-OMNI-Net 2000–2013 88 2.18 (1.75, 2.68) 2 (2.3) 2 (2.3) 6 (6.8) 13 (14.8) 1 (1.1) 0 (0) 2 (2.3)
United Kingdom-Wales 1998–2014 172 3.02 (2.59, 3.51) 6 (3.5) 7 (4.1) 3 (1.7) 4 (2.3) 0 (0) 0 (0)
USA-Arkansas 1993–2012 329 4.32 (3.87, 4.82) 15 (4.6) 11 (3.3) 4 (1.2) 10 (3.0) 3 (0.9) 3 (0.9) 0 (0)
USA-Atlanta 1974–2008 485 3.60 (3.28, 3.93) 60 (12.4) 20 (4.1) 8 (1.6) 17 (3.5) 0 (0) 3 (0.6) 1 (0.2)
USA-Texas 1996–2012 1,068 1.79 (1.68, 1.90) 3 (0.3) 7 (0.7) 13(1.2) 55 (5.1) 16 (1.5) 5 (0.5) 0 (0)
USA-Utah 1999–2012 221 3.07 (2.68, 3.51) 14 (6.3) 7 (3.2) 3 (1.4) 20 (9.0) 4 (1.8) 2 (0.9) 0(0)
TOTAL 1974–2014 8,583 2.96 (2.90, 3.03) 654 (7.6c) 418 (4.9c,d) 137 (2.0c) 197 (3.1c) 46 (0.9c) 27 (0.6c) 26 (0.4c)

Abbreviations: ECEMC, Registry of the Spanish Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations; ECLAMC, Latin American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations; ETOPFA, Elective Termination of Pregnancy for Fetal Anomalies; MCAR, Malta Congenital Anomalies Registry; OMNI-Net, Ukraine Birth Defects Prevention Program; RENAC, National Network of Congenital Anomalies of Argentina; RYVEMCE, Mexican Registry and Epidemiological Surveillance of External Congenital Malformations; SMC, Soroka Medical Center; TROCA, Tabriz Registry of Congenital Anomalies; USA, United States of America.

a

A hyphen (–) means that the registry did not report follow-up data for that time period.

b

Data on livebom children with anorectal atresia from one hospital.

c

Excludes programs that have no data on mortality for selected age at death.

d

Frequency and percentage refer to first week mortality.