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. 2023 Feb 3;6:19. doi: 10.1038/s41746-023-00758-2

Table 1.

Comparison of kiosks used in the literature.

Paper Software Data Transfer Functionality/Hardware Data storage
Trivedi et al. FluidSurvey software was used to design the device’s questionnaire algorithm (SurveyMonkey Canada Inc., Ottawa, Canada). Wireless Transmission. Touchscreen device. Electronic databases linked with patient identifiers.
Ackerman et al. (via Stein, 2011). UTI kiosk management module developed using Macromedia design software was modelled on telephone-based UTI treatment programmes. Not specified. Bilingual touchscreen interface (English and Spanish) with an audio handset and printer (Kiosk Information Systems [KIS], Inc., Louisville, CO). Printouts of UTI module responses and clinician recommendations were provided to participants.
Sinha et al. Microsoft Visual C# (Microsoft®, Redmond, VA) and Python programming languages (Python Software Foundation, Beaverton, Oregon) were used to develop the kiosk software. Not specified.

Touch screen interface and bilingual (English and Spanish)

text-to-speech systems were developed using Windows Forms Designer, Microsoft Speech Application Programming Interface and Microsoft Touch Application Programming Interface.

Time-stamped printouts of participants responses were retained by researchers.
Boltin et al. The IGSA algorithm was developed using EDICT software. Wireless bidirectional transfer of information occurred between mobile devices and storage servers (client-server model). Touch screen interface. Data was stored externally on a data-storage sever and locally on each client device.
Eijk et al. Software was developed by Delft Dimensions from an ISET pen-and- paper tool. Not specified. 21-inch Windows touch screen device affixed to a wheeled trolley, with an XML configuration file used to generate the screen display. Questionnaire responses were electronically logged and converted to an urgency level.
Dickson et al. Software consisted of a consultation platform which assessed answers to clinical questions template to group patients into one of five triage levels. Data was transmitted from kiosks to the Hospital Clinical Symptoms Network (HCSN) via a secure messaging system. Encased 12.9-inch iPad Pro touchscreen attached to desk/wall/bench with socket guards. Urgent care metadata was feed into the kiosk system from a separate database and completing kiosk information was stored in the Clinical Record System.