Table 3.

RBM in economics

Article	Aim of study	Specific approach	Benchmark methods for comparison	Superiority of the proposed method
(Galeshchuk, 2017)	Predict exchange rate	RBM, AE	Multilayer perceptron, Autoregressive integrated moving average model, Random walk model	Higher accuracy
(Rafiei & Adeli, 2016)	Estimate the sale prices of real estate units	Deep RBM, nonmating genetic algorithm	Standard genetic search, best first, linear forward selection, and correlation-based feature subset	The superiority of the new method is substantiated in accuracy of classifier
(Pei et al., 2020)	Forecast vehicle velocity	RBM, bidirectional LSTM	RBF-NN, BP-NN, EV, 5MC, RBF-WT	Performs better in RMSE
(Li et al., 2017)	Time series forecasting	RBM, BSASA	BP, Elman, RBMBP, BSABP, DEBP	Superior capability in preventing the search result from falling into the minimum

Note: BSASA (Backtracking Search Algorithm with Simulated Annealing), BP (Back Propagation), RBF-NN (Radial Basis Function Neural Network), BP-NN (Back Propagation Neural Network), EV (Exponentially Varying prediction method), 5MC (5-stageMarkov chain prediction method), WT (a novel velocity predicted method based on Wavelet Transform), RBMBP (Restricted Boltzmann Machine Back Propagation), BSABP (Backtracking Search Algorithm Back Propagation), DEBP (Differential Evolution Back Propagation)