. Author manuscript; available in PMC: 2023 Feb 4.

Published in final edited form as: Adv Drug Deliv Rev. 2022 May 13;186:114340. doi: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114340

Table 2.

Drug loading strategies of BMVs and the results.

Types	Methods	Cargo	Key results	Ref.
OMVs	Incubation	Gentamicin	4 ng/μg OMVs (protein weight)	[122]
	Incubation	Gentamicin	146 μg/ml (unknown in OMVs)	[124]
	Incubation	Levofloxacin	23.2 mg per 1.4 × 10¹⁴ OMVs	[125]
	Incubation	Dox	2% (w/w)	[53]
	Incubation/genetical	TRAIL; ICG	632 pg/μg (TRAIL)	[129]
	Incubation/electroporation	siRNA; PTX	Unknown	[126]
	Cloaking	Tegafur/micelles	7.1% (w/w)	[121]
	Hybrid/cloaking	ICG/NPs	Unknown	[130]
IMVs	Genetically engineering	GFP/OmpA SAcoagulase	Unknown	[51]
DMVs	Remote loading	Dox	12% (w/w)	[20]

Note: BMVs, bacterial membrane vesicles; OMVs, outer membrane vesicles; IMVs, inner membrane vesicles; DMVs, double membrane vesicles; Dox, doxorubicin; GFP, Green Fluorescence Protein; SAcoagulase, Staphylococcus aureus specific coagulase; ICG, indocyanine green; TRAIL, tumor necrosis factor related apoptosis-inducing ligand; PTX, paclitaxel.