Fig. 7.

Effect of RhoA/ROCK2 inhibition on synaptic structural deficits in CSR mice. a TEM study of ultrastructural features of synapses in the hippocampal CA1 region in control and CSR mice in the presence or absence of fasudil treatment. Scale bars: 200 nm. b The width of the PSD (n = 29–30). c The length of the PSD (n = 29–30). d The width of the synaptic cleft (n = 29–30). e The number of synaptic vesicles (n = 29–30). f Representative confocal and 3D reconstruction images of dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons obtained from four groups of mice. Scale bars: 5 μm. g–k Summary of the density of stubby (n = 20)-, mushroom (n = 20)-, long thin (n = 20)-, and filopodia (n = 20)-shaped spines and the total spine density (n = 20) on dendrites of hippocampal CA1 pyramidal neurons of four groups of mice. l Representative images of pyramidal neurons in the hippocampal CA1 region derived from the four groups of mice. Scale bars: 100 μm. m Sholl’s analysis of the dendritic branching complexity of the four groups of mice (n = 19–21). n, o Sholl’s analysis of total dendritic length and number of dendrites of four groups of mice (n = 19–21). Data from b to k, n, and o are presented as the mean ± SD and were analysed by one-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test. Data from m are presented as the mean ± SD and were analysed by two-way ANOVA with Tukey’s test (*p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, ****p < 0.0001)