Fig. 5.

Effect of GDF-5 on BMSC chondrogenic differentiation in vitro. A H&E, Alcian blue, safranin-O staining and collagen II immunohistochemistry of BMSC pellets that were cocultured with or without GDF-5 medium for 14 and 21 days. Scale bars are 100 μm. B Expression of SOX 9 ACAN, Col2A1, and Col 1 in BMSC pellets (n = 3); C Western blot detection of chondrogenic markers SOX9, ACAN and COLII at 14 days (n = 3); D Expression levels of SOX 9, Aggrecan, COL II in quantitative analysis. Statistical analysis: *p < 0.05, **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001