Table 1.
Baseline characteristics in matched samples for each of the treatment effectiveness comparisons
| CPT v. non-EBP | PE v. non-EBP | PE v. CPT individual | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Variable | Non-EBP (N = 636) | CPT (N = 636) | Standardized mean difference | Non-EBP (N = 272) | PE (N = 272) | Standardized mean difference | CPT individual (N = 232) | PE (N = 232) | Standardized mean difference |
| Age | 36.3 ± 8.9 | 36.7 ± 8.8 | 0.04 | 36.47 ± 8.81 | 36.50 ± 8.67 | 0.004 | 36.6 ± 9.1 | 36.7 ± 8.7 | 0.01 |
| Female | 71 (11.2%) | 111 (17.5%) | 0.18 | 31 (11.4%) | 34 (12.5%) | 0.034 | 172 (74.1%) | 200 (86.2%) | 0.32 |
| Race (self-report) | 0.14 | 0.18 | 0.17 | ||||||
| White | 489 (76.9%) | 473 (74.4%) | 203 (74.6%) | 192 (70.6%) | 203 (74.6%) | 167 (72.0%) | 162 (69.8%) | ||
| Black | 74 (11.6%) | 89 (14.0%) | 38 (14.0%) | 48 (17.6%) | 38 (14.0%) | 37 (15.9%) | 39 (16.8%) | ||
| American Indian or Alaska Native | 11 (1.7%) | 7 (1.1%) | 3 (1.1%) | 2 (0.7%) | 3 (1.1%) | 3 (1.3%) | 2 (0.9%) | ||
| Asian | 14 (2.2%) | 10 (1.6%) | 6 (2.2%) | 2 (0.7%) | 6 (2.2%) | 4 (1.7%) | 4 (1.7%) | ||
| Native Hawaiian or other Pacific Islander | 9 (1.4%) | 13 (2.0%) | 6 (2.2%) | 3 (1.1%) | 6 (2.2%) | 4 (1.7%) | 3 (1.3%) | ||
| Multi-race | 7 (1.1%) | 9 (1.4%) | 3 (1.1%) | 3 (1.1%) | 3 (1.1%) | 4 (1.7%) | 2 (0.9%) | ||
| Unknown | 32 (5.0%) | 35 (5.5%) | 13 (4.8%) | 22 (8.1%) | 13 (4.8%) | 13 (5.6%) | 20 (8.6%) | ||
| Ethnicity (self-report) | 0.06 | 0.28 | 0.26 | ||||||
| Hispanic or Latino | 69 (10.8%) | 80 (12.6%) | 29 (10.7%) | 44 (16.2%) | 30 (12.9%) | 38 (16.4%) | |||
| Not Hispanic or Latino | 545 (85.7%) | 534 (84.0%) | 229 (84.2%) | 225 (82.7%) | 193 (83.2%) | 193 (83.2%) | |||
| Other | 14 (2.2%) | 15 (2.4%) | 8 (2.9%) | 3 (1.1%) | 7 (3.0%) | 1 (0.4%) | |||
| Unknown | 8 (1.3%) | 7 (1.1%) | 6 (2.2%) | 0 (0.0%) | 2 (0.9%) | 0 (0.0%) | |||
| Baseline PCL z-score | 0.17 ± 0.90 | 0.14 ± 0.93 | −0.03 | 0.18 ± 0.88 | 0.10 ± 0.86 | −0.1 | 0.11 ± 0.99 | 0.07 ± 0.88 | −0.04 |
| Comorbidities | |||||||||
| Alcohol abuse | 76 (11.9%) | 68 (10.7%) | −0.04 | 44 (16.2%) | 36 (13.2%) | −0.08 | 19 (8.2%) | 19 (8.2%) | 0.00 |
| Alcohol dependence | 63 (9.9%) | 63 (9.9%) | 0.00 | 34 (12.5%) | 34 (12.5%) | <0.001 | 15 (6.5%) | 18 (7.8%) | 0.05 |
| Drug abuse | 28 (4.4%) | 37 (5.8%) | 0.06 | 12 (4.4%) | 16 (5.9%) | 0.07 | 4 (1.7%) | 5 (2.2%) | 0.03 |
| Drug dependence | 31 (4.9%) | 43 (6.8%) | 0.08 | 17 (6.3%) | 18 (6.6%) | 0.015 | 9 (3.9%) | 10 (4.3%) | 0.02 |
| Psychosis | 170 (26.7%) | 184 (28.9%) | 0.05 | 81 (29.8%) | 83 (30.5%) | 0.016 | 40 (17.2%) | 60 (25.9%) | 0.21 |
| Pain | 348 (54.7%) | 332 (52.2%) | −0.05 | 146 (53.7%) | 155 (57.0%) | 0.07 | 121 (52.2%) | 118 (50.9%) | −0.03 |
| Suicide | 29 (4.6%) | 29 (4.6%) | 0.00 | 20 (7.4%) | 16 (5.9%) | −0.06 | 10 (4.3%) | 9 (3.9%) | −0.02 |
| TBI | 88 (13.8%) | 99 (15.6%) | 0.05 | 45 (16.5%) | 42 (15.4%) | −0.03 | 39 (16.8%) | 36 (15.5%) | −0.03 |